Sensation And Perception

Front 1

What is sensation?

Back 1

Getting information in to your brain from sensory organs.

Front 2

What is perception?

Back 2

Taking that information that's gotten into your brain and organizing it, selecting what to pay attention to, interpreting it, and using it.

Front 3

What are the four basic processes of sensation?

Back 3

1) Modification via accessory structures
2) Transduction
3) Encoding
4) Representation in Cortex

Front 4

What does modification (one of the four basic processes of sensation) indicate?

Back 4

Stimulus coming in is altered a bit by the structure being stimulated.
ex: lens of eye is accessory structure that changes light by focusing it

Front 5

What does transduction (one of the four basic processes of sensation) indicate?

Back 5

Process of converting energy into neural activity (nerve impulse /action potential).

Front 6

Where does transduction (one of the four basic processes of sensation) occur?

Back 6

Sensory receptors, which are cells that specialize in detecting certain forms of energy (light waves, sound waves, heat, etc).

Front 7

What is adaptation?

Back 7

Decreased responsiveness in firing of cells and concomitant conscious experiencing.

Front 8

What does encoding (one of the four basic processes of sensation) indicate?

Back 8

Translation of physical stimulus properties into patterns of neural activity that specifically identify those physical properties.

Front 9

What is a distal stimulus?

Back 9

The image that you see (far away from you).

Front 10

What is a proximal stimulus?

Back 10

The image that is reflected on the back of your eyeball.

Front 11

What are transduction structures, in particular vision?

Back 11

The photoreceptive layer (not the distribution of rods and cones, relation to the fovea).

Front 12

What are encoding structures, in relation to vision?

Back 12

Output from bipolar cells creates coding in ganglion cells which collectively form the optic nerve and relay ultimately to the occipital lobe.

Front 13

What are feature receptors?

Back 13

Neurons "specialized" to fire only in response to select dimensions of light stimuli. These are critical to the ultimate perception of visual objects.

Front 14

What did Hubel and Weisel receive their Nobel Prize for?

Back 14

Identifying and specifying feature detectors in the visual cortex of cats.

Front 15

Perception involves "construction of the world"... what does construction involve? (3)

Back 15

1) Selection of sensory input
2) Organization of sensory input
3) Interpretation of sensory input

Front 16

Perceptual construction is influenced by:

Back 16

Personality, attitudes, preferences, and social-situational contexts of perception (expectations)