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81 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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first step in scietific process
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observation
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an organism that can make it's own food from sunlight
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autotroph
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procedure that test a hypothesis by the process of collection info. under controlled conditions
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experiment
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in an experiment, parts which respond to the changes you make
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dependent variable
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any variation in an idividual or group of organisms that make it better able to cope with its environment
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adaptation
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group of organelles working together to perform a specific functions
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cell
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standard for somparison in an experiment
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control
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structure within a cell that performs a specific function
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organelle
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group of similar cells working together to carry out a specific function
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tissue
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biology is the study of:
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life
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all living things maintain a balance within their cells and the environment
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homeostasis
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heat, light, and sound are all examples of______ to which living things respond
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stimuli
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structure within a eukaryotic cell that performs a specific function
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organelle
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when testing the affect of fertilizer on plants, the actual growth rate of the plants that were measured is the__________ variable
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dependent
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atoms combine to form units called
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molecules
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all organic compounds contain the element
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carbon
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smallest unit of matter
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atom
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substance formed by the bonding of 2 or more different elements
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compound
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each element is made of only one kind of
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atom
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protein are made up of
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amino acids
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type of bond is formed when eletrons are transferred
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ionic
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kind of bond is formed when two atoms share elecrons
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covalent
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nucleic acids are made up of monomers celled
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necleotides
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electron have a____ charge
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-negative
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neutrons have a____charge
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neutral
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protons have a____charge
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+ positive
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ridding the cell of material in vesicles
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exocxtosis
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when the concentration of salt is higher outside the cell than inside the cell, water will diffuse ____ of the cell
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out
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substance formed by the bonding of 2 or more DIFFERENT elements
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compound
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bond formed when two atoms share a pair of electrons
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covalent bond
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what are two examples of lipids
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saturated fats, butter, earwax
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molecule that has a partial positive charge on one side and a parial negative charge on the other side
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polar molecule
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carbohydrates are made up of
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monosaccharide
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lipids are made up of
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fatty acids
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most enzymes are
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proteins
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true cell which is organized and has a nucleus
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prokaryotic cell
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a microscope with 4x objective lens and a 10x ocular lens produces a total magnification of
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400
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Robert Hooke is famous for:
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discoved cells from cork
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one difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
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prokaryotes dont have a nucleus
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where proteins are made
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ribosome
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an animal cell does not have
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a cell wall
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controls all cell activities and contains DNA
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nucleus
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cell that requires a lot of energy might contain a large number of
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mitochondria
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houses a eukaryotic cell's DNA
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nucleus
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bacteria is an example of a _______ cell
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prokaryotic
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movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
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diffusion
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doen not require energy
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diffusion
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a cell will swell when it is placed in an ______ solution
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hypotonic
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disperal of ink in a beaker of water is an example of
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diffusion
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double membrane surrounding the cell is celled the
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plasma membrane
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polar
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water
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non-polar
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oil
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diffusion of water into or out of a cell
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osmosis
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concentration of a substance is the somw throughout the space
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equilibrium
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facilitated diffusion uses a
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employs carrier protein
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diffusion of water through semi permeable membrane
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osmosis
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in a cell the fatty acid of the phospolipid molecule are located
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on the interior of the membrane
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light energy is converted to chemical energy through the processes of
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photosynthesis
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ultimate source of energy for all living things
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the sun
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when a phosphate group is removed from an ATP molecule
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a substantial amount of energy is released
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chemical energy stored in food molecules is released through
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cellular respiration
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cells produce ATP most efficiently in the presence of
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oxygen
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NADPH is important in photosynthesis b/c
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carries energy in photosynthesis
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photo means-
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light
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plants look green b/c
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chlorophyll
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most of the cells ATP is produced by
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mitochondria
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Anerobic means
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with out oxygen
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organic compund that stores genetic code
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nucleic code
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process that DNA molecule is copied
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DNA replication
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DNA stores
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heredity information
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molecule shaped like a spiral staircase (double helix) is typical of
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deoxyribonucleic acid
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two strands of DNA molecules are held together by ______bonds
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hydrogen
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2 types of nucleic acids
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DNA, RNA
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DNA adenine always bonds to
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thymine
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components of a DNA nucleotide
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5 carbon sugar, phosphate group, nitrogen bace
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virus that infects bacteria cells
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bacteriophage
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shape of RNA
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single strand
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what is a codon
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each unit of the genetic code (sequence of 3 bases)
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a codon codes for:
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amino acid in a protein
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what is rRNA?
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messenger RNA
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what is transcription
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proscesses of making mRNA from DNA
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