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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Solstice
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Either of 2 times of year when the sun's rays shine directly overhead at noon at the furthest points north or south; beginning of summer or winter
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Climate
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The typical weather conditions at a particular location as observed over time
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Greenhouse Effect
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The layer of gases released by the burning of coal and petroleum that traps solar energy, causing global temperatures to increase
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Ecosystem
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An interdependent community of plants and animals
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Biosphere
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All the parts of the earth where plants and animals live, including the atmosphere, the lithosphere, and the hydrosphere
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Continental Drift
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The hypothesis that all continents were once joined into a super continent that split apart over millions of years
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Diffusion
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The spread of ideas, inventions, or patterns of behavior to different societies
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Polytheism
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Belief in many gods
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Dialect
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A version of a language that reflects changes in speech patterns due to class, region, or cultural changes
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Monotheism
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Belief in only one god
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Innovation
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Taking existing elements of society and creating something new to meet a need
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Carrying Capacity
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The number of organisms a piece of land can support without negative effects
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Nomad
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A person with no permanent home who moves according to the seasons from place to place in search of food, water, and grazing land
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Suburb
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A political unit or community touching the borders of the central city or touching other suburbs that touch the city
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Export
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A product or good that is sold from one economy to another
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Urban Sprawl
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Poorly planned development that spreads a city's population over a wider and wider geographic area
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Panama Canal
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A ship canal cut through Panama connecting the Caribbean Sea with the Pacific Ocean
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Maquiladoras
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A factory in Mexico that assembles imported materials into finished goods for export
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Spanish Conquest
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The conquering of the Native Americans by the Spanish
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Deforestation
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The cutting down and clearing away of trees and forests
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Equinox
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Each of the 2 days in a year on which day and night are equal in length; beginning of spring and autumn
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Rain Shadow
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The land on the leeward side of hills or mountains that gets little rain from the descending dry air
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Latitude
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A set of imaginary lines that run parallel to the equator, and that are used in locating places north or south.
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Longitude
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A set of imaginary lines that go around the earth over the poles, dividing it east and west.
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Magma
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The molten rock material formed when solid rock in the earth's mantle or crust melts
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Atmosphere
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The layers of gases immediately surrounding the earth
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Pangaea
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Super continent
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Urbanization
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The dramatic rise in the number of cities and the changes in lifestyle that result.
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Migration
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The movement of people within a country or region
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Louisiana Purchase
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The territory, including the region between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains, that the United States purchased from France in 1803
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Megalopolis
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A region in which several large cities and surrounding areas grow together
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Province
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A political unit
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Columbian Exchange
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The movement of plants, animals, and diseases between the Eastern and Western hemispheres during the age of exploration
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Amazon River
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The second longest river in the world, and one of South America's tree major river systems, running about 4,000 miles west to east, and emptying into the Atlantic Ocean
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Amazon Rainforest
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Covers more than 2 million square miles of South America, mainly Brazil
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NAFTA
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(North American Free Trade Agreement) an important trade agreement creating a huge zone of cooperation on trade and economic issues in North America
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Treaty of Tordesillas
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A treaty between Spain and Portugal in 1494 that gave Portugal control over New Zealand
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Berlin Wall
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A wall erected by East Germany in 1961 to cut the capital of Berlin in 2, and later dismantled in 1989
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Fjord
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A long, narrow, deep inlet of the sea between steep slopes
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Nationalism
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The belief that people should be loyal to their nation, the people with whom they share land, culture, and history
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Feudalism
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A political system prevailing in Europe from about the 9th to about the 15th centuries in which a king allowed nobles the use of his land in exchange for their military service and their protection of the land
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Reformation
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A movement in Western Europe beginning in 1517 when many Christians broke away from the Catholic Church and started Protestant churches; led to mutual hostility and religious wars
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Aqueducts
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A structure that carries water over long distances
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Slobodan Milosevic
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Tried to increase Serbia's power over the rest of Yugoslavia
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Satellite Nations
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A nation dominated by another country
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Holocaust
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The Nazi program of mass murder of European Jews during World War II
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City State
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An autonomous political made unit made up of a city and its surrounding lands
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Crusades
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A series of wars launched by European Christians in 1096 to capture the Holy Land (Palestine) from Muslims
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Renaissance
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A time of renewed interest in learning and the arts that lasted from the 14th - 16th centuries; began in Italian city states & spread through Europe
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Euro
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A common currency proposed by the European union for its member nations
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Cyanide
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A deadly poison
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Market Economy
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A type of economic system in which production of goods and services is determined by the demand from consumers; demand economy/ capitalism
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