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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Tachycardia
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Abnormally fast, rapid heart rate or pulse
Faster than 100 beats/minute |
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Bradycardia
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Abnormally slow, rapid heart rate or pulse
Below 60 beats/min See in athletes and elderly people |
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Intermittent
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Pulse rate that has an occasional skip beat
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Irregular
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Beats are not regular
Arhythmia - without rhythm |
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Thready
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Weak pluse
Can scarcely feel the pulse |
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Diagnosis involving Vessels
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Arteriography
Pulse Ultrasound Direct inspection Ophthalmoscope |
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Arteriography
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Xray of arteries in body
Taken after inject contrast medium (intravenous) Angiography - xray of all blood vesselss Carotid angiogram - ray of blood vessels in the neck Cerebral angiogram - xray of blood vessels in the brain |
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Pulse
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Taken for 1 full minute
Anytime a blood deficiency in an area is suspected, check the pulse at that site No pluse means no blood supply to that area |
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ultrasound
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Sending vibration into area and get sound back
Creates a picture |
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Direct Inspection
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Look at something (inspect)
directly with your eyes Ex: varicose veins - you see them Varicose veins in legs result in venostasis (slowness of blood flow in vein); can cause thrombus and embolism |
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Ophthalmoscope
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Indirect inspection
Use an instrument to look at vessels in eyes Can also look in ears |
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Disorders involving Blood Vessels
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Arteriosclerosis and ather0osclerosis
Thrombophlebitis Varicose Veins Aortic aneurysms hemorrhage |
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Arteriosclerosis and Atherosclerosis
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Atherosclerosis - plaques of cholesterol in artery
Arteriosclerosis - hardening of the artery due to cholesterol plaques |
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Thrombophlebitis (Phlebothrombosis)
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Inflammation from a stationary blood clot
Thrombus - blood clot Emboli- moving blood clot Stasis - slow movement Treatment - anticoagulant drugs; surgery - ligation (tieing off0 or embolectomy (removal of blood clot) |
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Varicose Veins
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Varix - one varicose vein
Varices - plural Often in leg May be in esophagus - esophageal varices In anus - hemorrhoids |
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Aortic Aneurysms
Causes |
Aneurysm - sac formed by dilation of wall of blood vessel; weakness of blood vessel wall
Arteriosclerosis Congenital defects of arterial wall Trauma Infection/necrosis |
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Hemorrhage
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External - outside
Internal - inside; can't see it Venous - blood from a vein; dark red; continuous flow Arterial - bright red; spurts oxygenated blood from an artery Capillary - brownish red; flow is oozing (slow) |
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Pressure Points
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A pressure point is a location at which a main artery supplying a particular body area lies near the skin surface and over a bone
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Pressure Points
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Temporal of scalp - pressure on temporal artery
Lower face - pressure on facial artery Neck - pressure onthe carotid artery Shoulder or upper arm, chest wall and arm pit - pressure on the subclavian artery Mid-upper arm and elbow - pressure on the brachial artery Leg - pressure on the femoral artery |
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Epistaxis
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Nose bleed
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Hematemesis
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Blood in vomit
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Hematuria
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Blood in urine
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Hemoptysis
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Blood in sputum
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Hemothorax
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?
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Hemostatic
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?
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Aneurysms
Types |
Fusiform
Saccular Dissecting False |
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Aneurysms
Fusiform |
Both sides become dilated
All 3 layers of wall are affected Barrel-like Not ruptured |
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Aneurysms
Saccular |
Only 1 side of vessel is projected out
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Aneurysms
dissecting |
Cavity is formed by blood that has forced iteself between layers of the arterial wall
Didn't break all the way through |
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Aneurysms
False |
Complete rupture of all layers of the blood vessel wall
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