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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Drugs that induce seizures |
Lithium toxicity Ciprofloxacin, flucloxacillin, imipenem Neuroleptics: clozapine, haloperidol Antidepressants: imipramine Subtherapeutic levels of AEDs Recreational: ecstasy, amphetamines, cocaine Drug withdrawal: alcohol, BZDs Flumazenil |
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Cytochrome P450 enzyme inducers and inhibitors |
Enzyme inducers - alcohol (chronic use), rifampicin, griseofulvin, sulphonylureas, barbiturates, carbamazepine Enzyme inhibitors - isoniazid, erythromycin, sulphonamides, ciprofloxacin, omeprazole, protease inhibitors, ketoconazole/ fluconazole, sodium valproate Narrow therapeutic index drugs - phenytoin, OCP, warfarin, digoxin, theophylline, lithium, ciclosporin, tacrolimus |
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How are seizures classified? |
Partial - simple (originate from a focal area of brain) or complex (impaired consciousness) Generalised (involve both hemispheres at onset, also cause loss of consciousness) - absences, myoclonic, GTC, atonic Secondary generalised |
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Syndromes associated with seizures |
Tuberous sclerosis Sturge-Weber Down’s syndrome |
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Patient education for newly diagnosed epilepsy |
Avoid precipitants eg drink alcohol in moderation, avoid sleep deprivation Driving, operating machinery Recreational: advise not to swim, cycle, sporting activities unsupervised Pregnancy: efficacy of oral contraception pill reduced with AEDs, encourage barrier methods. Discuss family planning with doctor to avoid teratogenic side effects. Folate supplementation to prevent neural tube defects |
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Medical Mgmt of epilepsy |
Consider initiation of medical therapy: First unprovoked seizure - with neuro deficit, structural brain lesion, high risk of recurrence Second epileptic seizure Need for compliance and follow up with blood tests |
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Medical Mgmt of epilepsy |
Consider initiation of medical therapy: First unprovoked seizure - with neuro deficit, structural brain lesion, high risk of recurrence Second epileptic seizure Need for compliance and follow up with blood tests |
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Choice of AEDs |
Back (Definition) |
