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73 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Debris flow deposits are characterized by all of the following except:
EXCELLENT SORTING
Dominant factors controlling deltaic sedimentation include all of the following except:
ORGANIC
MATTER
CONTENT
Alluvial fans are generally found in which geologic-setting?
ARID CLIMATE
BEDLOAD
EPHEMERAL STREAM-FLOW
Eolian Sands are characterized by all of the following except:
INVERSE
GRADING
Crevasse-Splay deposits are characteristic of which depositional environment?
MEANDERING
STREAMS
Which depositional environment has a low paleosinuosity?
BRAIDED
STREAM
Which lithofacies is likely to have bidirectional paleocurrent vectors?
TIDAL
FLAT
In which facies association is coal typically found?
DELTA
Sieve deposits are characteristics of which depositional environment?
ALLUVIAL
FAN
Mass flow deposits found in glacial settings are typically which lithology?
MASSIVE
DIAMICTON
What is the name for a deposit formed at the mouth of a river where it enters a standing body of water?
DELTA
Which lithofacies is characteristic of mid channel bars in braided fluvial systems?
MASSIVE
LENTICULAR
GRAVEL
Which environment is characterized by dropstones?
GLACIAL
Ice contact stratified drift is characterized by all of the following lithofacies except:
GLACIAL
Ice contact stratified drift is characterized by all of the following lithofacies except:
BASAL
TILL
Ice contact stratified drift is characterized by all of the following lithofacies except:
BASAL
TILL
Supraglacial drift is found where?
ON TOP OF
THE GLACIAR
Deltas are best developed in which plate tectonic setting?
TRAILING EDGE
OF THE CONTINENT
Which of the folowing is an example of a tide-dominated delta?
BRAHMAPUTRA
RIVER DELTA
What is the name for an elongated body of sand that is adjacent to the mainland, but seperated from it by a shallow lagoon?
BARRIER
ISLAND
Which depositional environment is likely to have a radial paleocurrent pattern?
ALLUVIAL
FAN
Varves are charecteristic of which type of depositional environment?
GLACIAL
Clastic sedimentary rocks include all of the following except:
CHERT
Chemical sedimenatry rocks include all of the following except:
RUDITE
Organic sediments/sedimentary rocks include all of the following except:
CHALK
Which parameter is a measure of the range in particle sizes in a sample?
SORTING
Which of the following would you least expect to find in a claystone?
ROCK
FRAGMENTS
Very good sorting is most likely found associated with which type of deposit?
EOLIAN
DUNE
Which of the following was formed under the largest flow velocity?
FLAT
BED
Well rounded sand may be formed as a result of which of the following?
all of the above
1-chemical weathering in vadose zone
2-recycling and long distance fluvial transport
3-long residence time in surf zone
ANCIENT SILICLASTIC ENVIRONMENTS ARE CHARACTERIZED BY THE FOLLOWING:
-Tabular Shape
-extensive lateral dimensions
-moderate compositional maturity of sands
-MAINLY STORM GENERATED HUMMOCKY X-STRAT
SUBMARINE UPPER MID FAN HAS FACIES;
Thinning upward, graded conglomerate, samdstone, debris flows
SUBMARINE LOWER MID FAN HAS FACIES;
Thickening-upward proximal turbidites
SUBMARINE UPPER FAN HAS FACIES;
massive conglomerate and breccia, debris flows
SUBMARINE LOWER FAN HAS FACIES;
Thickening-upward classic and distal turbidite
Pelagic chert and 1st
list 5 sedimentary structures with
line of transport or line of flow
assymetric ripple=line of transport
symetric=line of transport
current lineation=line of flow
sole marks=line of transport
Aragonite is metastable and recrystallizes to calcite with time.
TRUE
Smaller particles always round more rapidly than larger particlaes.
FALSE
Mudcracks always indicate a terrestrial paleoenvironment.
TRUE
A pelmicrite is a rock composed of pellets with a mud matrix.
TRUE
OOLITHS ARE ACTUALLY FECES PRODUCED BY MUD-INGESTING ORGANISMS.
FALSE
FLASER BEDDING IS THE SAME THING AS TROUGH CROSS BEDDING
FALSE
Clastic rocks are usually bedded, whereas carbonate rocks are usually massive.
TRUE
Debris flows are commonly composed of diamicton
TRUE
Beach gravels commonly have prolate clasts, whereas river gravel clasts are usually oblate
FALSE
A Zingg diagram characterizes gravel clasts in terms of form
TRUE
Roundness always increases with increasing transport regardless of the type of conglomerate clast involved
FALSE
Most of the feldspar found in sandstones is either K-spar or albite
FALSE?
A rock fragment is, by definition. a polycrystalline grain
TRUE
Silt and clay make up a streams bedload; sand and gravel are considered suspended load
FALSE
FLUTE CASTS ARE A TYPE OF SOLE MARK.
TRUE
lithogenous features are
1. continents
2. volcanic islands
3. continental margins
BIOGENOUS features are
macro/microscopic
silica(SiO2)
carbonate(CaCO3)
tropics-extreme biological activity
deep water-diatoms, foraminefera
HYDROGENOUS
Manganese nodules
Phosphorite (CaPO4)
Carbonate(CaCO3)
Carbonate is both biogenous and hydrogenous
TRUE
COSMOGENOUS Features are
Nickel- iron micrometeorites
Size=0.01-0.64mm
WhERE are nearshore NERITIC SEDIMENTS
Continental shelves
Deep sea fans
glacial deposits
carbonate platform (bahama island)
Deep Sea Oceanic Sediments
Abyssal clays
Oozes (1.calcareous 2.siliceous)
Heavy Minerals inlcude all of the following except:
Kspar
All of the following are common cementing agents except:
BIOTITE
A rock composed of 55% quartz, 34% feldspar, 10% lithics, 0% matrix is a:
feldspathic arenite
A rock composed of 97% QUARTZ, 2% LITHICS, and 1% feldspar is a
QUARTZ ARENITE
A rock composed of 45% QUARTZ, 30% LITHICS, 5% FELDSPAR, and 20% matrix
LITHIC WACKE
A rock composed of 85% clay and 15% silt is a:
MUDSTONE
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DENOTES A CONGLOMERTE CONTAINING CLASTS OF MANY DIFFERENT LITHOLIGIC TYPES?
POLYmictic
CONGLOMERATE
Which of the following particle types is transported by saltation?
SAND
Which of the following is not formed by liquefaction or dewatering?
inverse GRADING
A grain supported rock containing lime mud is a
packstone
A mud supported rock containing greater than 10% grains is a
wackestone
ALgal accretionary grains are also termed:
oncolites
What are the size limits for gravel, sand, silt, and clay
>2mm
.06-2
.002-.06mm
<.002mm
What are three clastic features of caronate rocks that contrast with those of detrital or clastic origin
non-clastic
lime mud=silt clay mud
precipitated from seawater
cannot be identified using microscope have to redstain
What are three ways carbonate mud can be formed?
calcareous algae(penicillus)
precipitate from seawater pH of 8.2
from the creatures that eat lime mud and excrete it as feces(pellets)