Section 9 Large Set Of Cards

Front 1

most basic principle for a ff is his resposibility to?

Back 1

protect life and save property
human life takes precedent

Front 2

a further duty of ff is to gain__________to__________?

Back 2

knowledge to perform new tasks

Front 3

what provides the safest and fastest most direct access to victims?

Back 3

portable ladder on the pumper

Front 4

removing a victim from a portable ladder requires_____people?

Back 4

(2) one person on the ladder one in the room

Front 5

to protect your escape you must have what?

Back 5

a person manning a hoseline

Front 6

the brain begins to sustain damage after _min w/o o2

Back 6

4min

Front 7

If an occupancy has a lot of victims spread out the most important priority is?

Back 7

get a hoseline between fire and victims

Front 8

most people are saved by a?

Back 8

properly placed hoseline

Front 9

those people removed first from a fire are generally?

Back 9

in the greatest danger

Front 10

people below the fire floor are what priority?

Back 10

lowest

Front 11

when sufficient personnel are available to perform rescue and extinguishment it must be done with?

Back 11

with a coordinated attack

Front 12

FF's may take action to locate the seat of fire before what is done?

Back 12

the complete size up is done

Front 13

before committing yourself to a fire you should know ?

Back 13

where you are going

Front 14

what 6 ways can fire spread?

Back 14

left, right, ahead, back, up and down???

Front 15

size up is the evaluation of problems and conditions that affect?

Back 15

the out come of every fire

Front 16

who should perform a sizeup?

Back 16

can be a Officer in charge or junior ff

Front 17

proper size up starts and stops when?

Back 17

starts moments alarm is received,
stop when emergency is under control

Front 18

odd street numbers run?

Back 18

east side of road running north and south
North sided of road running east west

Front 19

the less obvious life hazard for a 2:30 am fire is to?

Back 19

to the fire fighter

Front 20

life hazards come in what two forms?

Back 20

them and us
civilians and FF

Front 21

the death rate of ff in structure fires is ______per 100k fires

Back 21

4 per 100k fires

Front 22

very few civilians die in what type of fires?

Back 22

commericial

Front 23

more people die in ___________fires than __________?

Back 23

car fires than store fires

Front 24

an occupancy that is subject to cads hazards should be inspected how often?

Back 24

annualy

Front 25

stores have stock up to the rafters during what months?

Back 25

oct1 to new year

Front 26

the biggest impact on fire fighting is elapsed time since?

Back 26

fire began

Front 27

elaspsed burn time is a key indication for ?

Back 27

structural collapse

Front 28

class 5 construction?

Back 28

wood frame, brick and wood joist

Front 29

the 20 min collapse window begins when?

Back 29

fire reaches flashover and begins attacking structural elements

Front 30

fire venting out of 2 floors indicates one of two things?

Back 30

prolonged burning of > 10 min or use of accelerant

Front 31

signs of a fire burning through a wooden wall would mean?

Back 31

imminent collaspse, fire has been burning for a while prior to arrival

Front 32

a full 30 min cylinder usually lasts?

Back 32

15 - 20 min

Front 33

the air bottle method of time provides?>

Back 33

a measure of prolapsed time

Front 34

reinforced concrete is class___construction?

Back 34

1

Front 35

heavy timber construction is class?

Back 35

4

Front 36

Building with lightweight contstruciton ie: plywood I beams, 2x4 trusses, composite steel trusses, or bar joists collapse with in?

Back 36

5 minutes of exposure

Front 37

the 45 min bottle has given ff's and extra ?

Back 37

6-8 minutes (too long)

Front 38

class 3 construction
joist size?

Back 38

ordinary with joist that are 2x8

Front 39

a fire that has flashed but has not vented from a single window has probably flashed with in past ___to___min?

Back 39

1-2 minutes, fire is in rooms not voids

Front 40

the 20 min rule is not to be used with what construction type?

Back 40

lightweight wood contruction

Front 41

heavy steel and bowstring trusses can collapse within?

Back 41

8 min

Front 42

one of primary indicators of impending collapse is?

Back 42

time passed since flashover

Front 43

fire attacking steel columns and beam causes it to?

Back 43

weaken and sag

Front 44

Class one building construction

Back 44

fire resistive

Front 45

class one construction is considered?

Back 45

fire proof

Front 46

class II construction is?

Back 46

non combustible,

Front 47

class II construction differs from class I in that it?

Back 47

provides less fire resistance

Front 48

Class 2 buildings usually have what exposed?

Back 48

floor , roof, metal and masonry walls

Front 49

least stable class of construction in terms of collapse is?

Back 49

class II

Front 50

Class III construction is?

Back 50

ordinary construction

Front 51

what parts of class III construction are made of wood?

Back 51

floors, roofs, interior partitions which offers less resistance to collapse

Front 52

Class 4 construction is?

Back 52

heavy timber

Front 53

heavy timber construction has a heavy fire load but is considered?

Back 53

excellent in terms of fire resistance due to sheer bulk

Front 54

class 5 construction is ?

Back 54

wood frame

Front 55

wood frame class 5 is made up of?

Back 55

wood walls, floors, roofs wholly or in part

Front 56

wood frame posses less of a collapse threat than class?

Back 56

class II

Front 57

2 reasons below grade fire are a problem?

Back 57

lack of opportunity to horizontally ventilate,
entire operation must be performed in the atmosphere

Front 58

if heavy smoke is pushing out of a chimney consider?

Back 58

a cellar fire

Front 59

class A fire with adequate o2 will be ____in color?

Back 59

gray- light brown

Front 60

class A fire with inadequate o2 will be _____in color?

Back 60

dark gray- yellow

possible backdraft

Front 61

wispy smoke indicates?

Back 61

incipient stage

Front 62

smoke settling or hanging in low spots is sign of?

Back 62

cold smoke from partially extinguished fire

Front 63

what are the possible directions for exposures?

Back 63

front-rear, top-bottom, left-right

Front 64

one of best ways to prevent extension is?

Back 64

put out the fire

Front 65

most residential rooms have a fire load of ____per square feet?

Back 65

5lbs

Front 66

more than _____homes burn every year?

Back 66

425,000

Front 67

private dwellings are responsible for _____% of fire deaths

Back 67

70%

Front 68

most fires in Private dwellings begin where?

Back 68

below the second story

Front 69

the design of a private dwelling have what in its favor?

Back 69

relatively small rooms

Front 70

what can also conceal a horizontal fire?

Back 70

false ceiling
cocklofts

Front 71

up until the 19th century FF was limited to?

Back 71

protecting exposures
removing goods from fires path

Front 72

Primary concern for the fire eng co is to get sufficient water?

Back 72

on the fire

Front 73

more lives are rescued by properly placed?

Back 73

fire streams

Front 74

Fire progresses through what 3 stages?

Back 74

Incipient
free burning smoldering

Front 75

three methods of attacking a fire?

Back 75

direct
indirect
combination

Front 76

most incipient fires can be put out with?

Back 76

a portable extinguisher
(may need more than one)

Front 77

During the free burning stage the fire has already?

Back 77

flashed over

Front 78

Most working fires are found in what stage?

Back 78

free burning

Front 79

on the way to the fire you should survey the layout of the structure to find?

Back 79

alternate means of escape or for occupants still inside or remote fires

Front 80

______feet of hose is usually sufficient for most home/apt fires?

Back 80

50'

Front 81

the hose should be stretched how until you reach the fire?

Back 81

dry

Front 82

one length of 1 3/4 hose weighs?
dry
Wet

Back 82

40lbs dry
80lbs wet

Front 83

the nozzle team should not enter immediately w/o water except?

Back 83

to save a life

Front 84

members of the hose team should place themselves how on a hoseline?

Back 84

on the same side

Front 85

squatting on you haunches is called?

Back 85

duck walking which is unstable

Front 86

only open your nozzle on ?

Back 86

flames not smoke

Front 87

an observer must be positioned at the entrance of the fire to?

Back 87

warn of danger

Front 88

the method of attack most used in a free burning stage is?

Back 88

Combination

Front 89

an initial direction of a stream on a combination attack?

Back 89

sweeping the ceiling with straight stream in side to side or clock wise circular motion

Front 90

be careful when using fog streams in fires because the fog stream can?

Back 90

draw smoke from other rooms unless extinguished completely

ch 3

Front 91

hitting the ceilling first with a combo attack does what?

Back 91

cools gases overhead preventing flash over

Front 92

the flame of a fire is the comprised of?

Back 92

the burning gases released bythe fuel

Front 93

using a straight stream or narrow fog allows you to cool the ceiling without?

Back 93

creating steam which can obscure vision and burn

Front 94

directing a stream at the fire does what?

Back 94

drives fire up and along the ceiling over the hose stream

Front 95

disadvantages of a combo attack is?

Back 95

puts members close to hostile environment
requires live fire training

Front 96

what should be done if you suspect a back draft?

Back 96

ventilate highest portions of area

Front 97

most back drafts occur?

Back 97

at night
in commercial buildings

Front 98

indirect attack was developed by?

Back 98

loyd layman for use on shipboard fires

Front 99

when the stream expels steam it pushes smoke and heat ahead of it forming?

Back 99

an inert atmosphere

Front 100

an indirect attack is likely to not work if?

Back 100

a fire has self vented

Front 101

Water is a poor absorbent of?

Back 101

radiant heat

Front 102

there are little excuses for a fire to extend beyond structure of origin unless?

Back 102

there were explosive involved

Front 103

radiant heat can cause extension to exposures from across

Back 103

avenues

Front 104

describe a taxpayer or strip mall ?

Back 104

one story commercial
ordinary construction

Front 105

the average tax payer or strip mall dimensions?

Back 105

20x75

Front 106

a fire in a structure made of Brick wood joist, wood frame may be unsafe to enter after?

Back 106

20 min of fire conditions

Front 107

what doesn't necessarily constitutes a severe life safety hazard?

Back 107

a large number of people

Front 108

new building of metal construction add what to fire load?

Back 108

add very little to load

Front 109

Nfpa 220

Back 109

standard on types of building construcntion

Front 110

class III construction consists of?

Back 110

masonry and other non combustibles with a 2 hour fire rating

Front 111

heavy timber interior beams and columns, girders are minimum of_____in size?

Back 111

8x8 beams

Front 112

in general the lower the fire in the building the?

Back 112

more serious of a threat

Front 113

putting water directly on the surface cools by?

Back 113

condcution

Front 114

what type of heat is most responsible for exposure fires?

Back 114

radiant heat or direct flame exposure

Front 115

a offensive attack is mandatory when?

Back 115

human life is at stake

Front 116

Cardinal rule of aggressive fire fighting is dont use?

Back 116

outside streams in occupied buildings

Front 117

the first hoseline should be set up and flowing before?

Back 117

crews split up or start other difficult stretches

Front 118

when an fire attack is stalled increase?

if unsuccessful you should?

Back 118

ventilation
water flow or both

change tactics

Front 119

once you are forced into defensive mode you should?

Back 119

call for additional resources

Front 120

anytime a hoseline has 2 bends you must?

Back 120

put a member in between bends to feed hose

Front 121

overstretching hose results in?

Back 121

unnecessary high pump pressures
added clutter

Front 122

when carrying hose you must have one hand free for?>

Back 122

climbing stairs and ladders

Front 123

it is better to stretch lines around than risk pinching a line ?

Back 123

bannisters and along the stairs

Front 124

stretching lines around bannister's requires how much extra hose?

Back 124

one length per floor

Front 125

when stretching lines in a stairwell dont lay more than?

Back 125

2 lines at a time

Front 126

you should avoid using aerials as?

Back 126

standpipes
(ties up aerial)
run hose up ladder instead

Front 127

rule of thumb is if one person can handle a 1 3/4-2" line the line isnt?

Back 127

delivering designed flow

Front 128

cellar nozzles are intended to do what to the fire?

Back 128

darken it down not extinguish it

Front 129

for safety reasons you should place a ________when using a distributor nozzle?

Back 129

gate valve 50' away

Front 130

Oshas 2in2 is required unless?

Back 130

human life at risk demands immediate action

Front 131

the member assigned to work alone is called?

he works where?

Back 131

roofman
in front of bldng where he is visible

Front 132

the largest team is the _______team?

Back 132

interior

Front 133

By selecting the proper ladder you improve?

Back 133

efficiency

Front 134

most important factor in selecting a ladder is?

Back 134

length

Front 135

nfpa reqirements for total length of ground ladders`?

Back 135

168' of ground ladders

Front 136

residential bldngs have estimated ________' from floor to floor?

Back 136

9'

Front 137

Commercial bldngs have etimated ________from floor to floor?

Back 137

12'

Front 138

considere windowsill height is ___' above floor? and height of window is?

Back 138

3'
4'

Front 139

proper climbing angle for a portable ladder?

you lose_____% of height
remainder is called?

Back 139

70 degree
loses 6% of total length
94% is working height

Front 140

to ensure proper climbing angle you should?

Back 140

estimated working height divide by 4
use number to estimate placement of the butt

Front 141

residential window is___wide

Back 141

30"

Front 142

the light weight of alluminum ladders allows one person to handle?

Back 142

upto a 20' straight extension

Front 143

the 750# max on the ladder is for all ladders except?

Back 143

folding and attic ladders

Front 144

dont over extend______-reach?

Back 144

horizontal reach

Front 145

w/ extension ladder you should secure the halyard to?

Back 145

bed section once ladder is in place

Front 146

you should position a ladder truck so it is inline with?

Back 146

the object then rotate ladder

Front 147

scrub area is defined as the area?

Back 147

physically contacted by the aerial device

Front 148

what has a great effect on the scrub area?

Back 148

posiitoning

Front 149

never retract or extend ladder while?

Back 149

on it

you can raise lower or rotate it

Front 150

purpose of overhaul is to guard against?

Back 150

rekindle

Front 151

overhaul can be done in what 2 phases?

Back 151

pre control
post control

Front 152

igntion temp of common combustible is?

Back 152

400 degrees

Front 153

skin burns at?

Back 153

120 degrees

Front 154

when considering to open up a wall or surface a good guideline is?

Back 154

15 sec
2 minute rule
put hand on area for 15-20 sec and again in 2 minutes

Front 155

when overhauling if temperature increases after 2 minutes you should

Back 155

open area up

Front 156

the sense you use the least?

Back 156

smelll

Front 157

the final sense used in overhaul?

Back 157

common sense

Front 158

objects that are charred must be?

Back 158

doused

Front 159

what should be overhauled outdoors?

Back 159

matresses and couches

Front 160

if you suspect ceiling damage you should pull ceiling how?

Back 160

from doorway

Front 161

a difficult ceiling material is?

Back 161

tin

Front 162

after the fire 14 page book is distributed by?

Back 162

NFA

Front 163

never access the roof via?

Back 163

interior stairs

Front 164

locate roof joist by?

Back 164

by sounding

when tool hits between joist tool will bounce

Front 165

using a hoseline in a vent hole is?

Back 165

forbidden

Front 166

an inverted roof has a__-feel?

Back 166

springy

Front 167

prefered way to recognize inverted roof is?

Back 167

pre fire inspection

or look for 2x4 after you cut

Front 168

rain roof is made of?

Back 168

raised framework over leaky roof
2x4

Front 169

dangers of truss design?

Back 169

mainly relates to fire condition due to lack of mass

Front 170

lightweight steel trusses are called?

Back 170

bar joists

Front 171

trusses greatest danger to fire fighters is ?

Back 171

the truss depends on everyone one of its pieces to hold it together

Front 172

there is a _____degree difference in temperature 2-3' off the floor

Back 172

200 degree

Front 173

once the fire attack starts the smoke and steam will?

Back 173

bank down to the floor until vented

Front 174

floor temps in a fire room can reach

Back 174

125-150 degrees

Front 175

on;y two things should prevent hoseline advance?

Back 175

heat and flame

Front 176

when using an offensive attack you should always be ?

Back 176

moving forward

Front 177

one of worst effects of ff in vacant building is?

Back 177

ff death and injuries

Front 178

the greatest protection from radiant heat is?

Back 178

distance

Front 179

remember what priorities in fighting fire?

Back 179

rescue
confine
extinguish

Front 180

a nozzle is designed to increase the ?

Back 180

velocity of the water

Front 181

one atmosphere is __psi?

Back 181

14.7 psi

Front 182

33.9' is impossible to draft due to?

Back 182

fricitonloss in hose, pump, strainer

Front 183

PSIA is?

Back 183

psi absolute
begins at 0

Front 184

psig?

Back 184

psi gauge

Front 185

flow pressure is confused with?

Back 185

residual pressure

Front 186

minimum residual pressure should be?

Back 186

10 psi

Front 187

laddering should be done for?

Back 187

for a specific purpose

Front 188

a 35' extension ladder should be handled by_____people?

Back 188

2

Front 189

when working on roofs you must make sure of?

Back 189

you have 2 ways off

Front 190

most dangerous roof to ff?

Back 190

light weight contruction

Front 191

once fire has entered lightweight truss area it is too late for?

Back 191

interior forces

Front 192

off all modern style roof the __is most dangerous?

Back 192

bowstring

Front 193

bowstring should be expected in _____occupancies?

Back 193

auto dealership
bowling alleys
supermarkets

Front 194

failure of an end truss usally results in?

Back 194

hip end pushing out collapsing end walls

Front 195

the wooden trusses will not __before failing?

Back 195

sag

Front 196

metal deck roofs are supported by?

Back 196

steel bar joist 60' long

___apart?

Front 197

primary hazard to ff for metal deck roof is?

Back 197

falling into ventilation hole

Front 198

sudden collapse is not as likely with what type of roof?

Back 198

steel bar joist

Front 199

past experience has shown steel bar joist metal roofs fail within?

Back 199

5 min of exposure but not without warning

Front 200

insulpan are panels made of?

Back 200

made of 2 layers of osb and styrofoam 8' x 24' wide
used in apartments townhomes

Front 201

never ventilate where you will create?

Back 201

an exposure problem

Front 202

difficulty with double glazed windows?

Back 202

diffculte to ventilate w/hose or clearing the entire sash area

Front 203

the greatest poential for injury to a ff is?

Back 203

the power saw operator

Front 204

the victim involved with power saw accidents is?

Back 204

someone other that the operator

Front 205

the danger for saw operators is greatest when?

Back 205

visibility is poor

Front 206

saw operators most important act?

Back 206

let saw stop spinning

Front 207

new allow a spinning saw blade get more than ___" from roof?

Back 207

6" from roof

Front 208

_________people should be able to force the majority of doors?

Back 208

2 people with Halligan, flat head axe, sledgehammer

Front 209

what can indicate the need for force entry?

Back 209

the time of day

Front 210

most residential doors open ?

Back 210

inward

opposite of commercial

Front 211

a flat head axe is 6lbs but has what drawbacks?

Back 211

not alot of driving force

Front 212

doors that open outwards in apts are usually?

Back 212

janitor closets
elevator closets

Front 213

use your back of hand to feel where on the door?

Back 213

door knob then top of door

Front 214

a pattern of bolt heads coming throught the door indicates?

Back 214

a drop in bar

Front 215

conventional forcible enty is often called?

Back 215

brute force method

Front 216

most efficient combo of force entry tools are?

Back 216

flat head with hallligan

(4 different means)

Front 217

what method of entry is fastest with least damage?

Back 217

through the lock

Front 218

easiest way to remove lock cylinders is?

Back 218

k tool

Front 219

3 typeds of key cylinders?

Back 219

square shaft
flat shaft
cam shaft

Front 220

the is no way to spread the narrow style door far enough w/out

Back 220

destroying the frame and glass

Front 221

breaking the glass of a narrow stile door should be ?

Back 221

last resort

Front 222

you can force a narrow stile aluminum and glass door with ?

Back 222

adze of halligan between 2 pieces of top hinge

Front 223

the first thing to do to open fox lock?

Back 223

remove plated with adze of halligan

Front 224

The K tool is ineffective with a fox lock because?

Back 224

the lock cylinder is recessed

Front 225

dont use HFT's on?

Back 225

automobiles

Front 226

to verify multi lock door you can?

Back 226

check between jamb and door for the rods

Front 227

electric gates usually need to be__open?

Back 227

cut

Front 228

any locks about shoulder height are best cut?

Back 228

with a torch

Front 229

when cutting metal with a saw you start with the blade?

Back 229

on the work and slowyly increase rpm

Front 230

exothermic torch or burning bar burns at what temp?

Back 230

5000 degreess

Front 231

2 main reasons to vent?

Back 231

vent for fire
vent for life

Front 232

breaking out a window provides ______as much area for venting as double hung windows?

Back 232

twice as much area

Front 233

drawbacks of ppv

Back 233

fanning a smoldering fire

Front 234

the most common verticle artery is?

2nd most common

Back 234

stair case

pipe chase or soil pipe

Front 235

fire in voids are smokey due to ?

Back 235

lack of o2

Front 236

full alarm for pass device is____to____decibles and lasts________hours?

Back 236

95-100 decibles
10hours

Front 237

pass alarm has what 3 switches?

Back 237

off
on
arm

Front 238

TIC reads what?

Back 238

temperature differentials

Front 239

surrounding area read by TIC are gray and hot areas are?

Back 239

white

Front 240

some tics can detect temp changes as little as?

Back 240

.5 degree f

Front 241

the handheld tic units dont seem to be incongruent with safety procedures as?

Back 241

helmet mounted models

Front 242

ff deaths have dropped from ?

1970's
1990's

Back 242

140 in 1970's to
100 in 1990's

Front 243

greates fire related loss of civilian life occurs in what dwellings??

Back 243

1-2 family `

Front 244

most ff;s become ___prior to becoming trapped?

Back 244

lost or trapped ??disoriented??

Front 245

scba entanglements are usually found between?

Back 245

between cylinder and wearers back

Front 246

most common use for reduced profile technique?

Back 246

get through space between building and fire escape stairway

Front 247

damage caused by ventilation must be commensurate with ?

Back 247

commensurate with fire damage

Front 248

the dominant flat roof for past 25 years is?

Back 248

metal deck roof

Front 249

if possbile never retreat into where?

Back 249

bathroom

Front 250

secondary search is often combined with?

Back 250

overhaul

Front 251

children are often found?

Back 251

in toy box's closets,under beds

Front 252

a device used to search operation is TED?

Back 252

T arget
E xit
D evice

Front 253

all breathing devices shold be the same and allow for what type of breathing?

Back 253

buddy breathing

Front 254

process call FAR is what?

Back 254

Feedback
Assisted
Rescue

Front 255

a roll call on fire ground is sign of what 2 things?

Back 255

conditions out of control or well in hand

Front 256

when ff is trapped the best resource is?

Back 256

ff

Front 257

because of nature instinct to help a clear plan to rescue a ff is needed to?

Back 257

prevent freelancing

Front 258

once ff arrives to down ff he should assess?

Back 258

breathing first

Front 259

the prefered posiiton is to drag victim how?

Back 259

head first

Front 260

asphalt sheathing is also known as?

Back 260

gasoline

Front 261

a ____to____' pike pole should be used for pulling a roof?

Back 261

6-8'

Front 262

SRO stands for?

Back 262

single room occupancy

Front 263

presence of padlock on interior rooms represents?

Back 263

SRO

Front 264

elevator shafts are required to be built with what resistance rating??

Back 264

2 hour

Front 265

which void is more difficult to locate?

Back 265

channel rail
steel columns, i beams supporting floors

Front 266

stairs that maintain a constant location are called?

Back 266

return stairs

Front 267

fires in class I apartments are generally confined to?

Back 267

apartment

Front 268

there is no justfication for ff injury or deaths when there is no?

Back 268

life hazard

Front 269

backdraft conditions are normally found in stores with?

Back 269

steel gates

Front 270

if you encounter 1/8" steel roof you should expect?

Back 270

extreme temps and possible collapse

Front 271

on a cellar fire you should cut vent holes _______x________ as soon as fire is discovered?

Back 271

4x4 opening with hoseline to protect

Front 272

terrazo floors are common in?

Back 272

older drug stores

Front 273

collapses are rarely?

Back 273

unpredictable

Front 274

one of greatest uses of an Aerial Platform is?

Back 274

taxpayers

Front 275

a 110' steel beam heat to 1000 degrees will expand ?

Back 275

9 1/2 "

Front 276

a secret success of a taxpayer is?

Back 276

knowing what is likely to happen and having foresight to take action to cut it off at the start

Front 277

fire protection in hi rises are defeated by?

Back 277

pipe chases
and flammable furnishings

Front 278

searching a hi rise requires ____ff per floor?

Back 278

2

Front 279

shut down HVAC and place dampers to open to?

Back 279

outside air

Front 280

in broad terms hi rises are classified into two eras?

Back 280

pre wwII
post wwII

Front 281

pre war hi rises lacked?

Back 281

central a/c systems

Front 282

searching a hi rise requires ____ff per floor?

Back 282

2

Front 283

in broad terms hi rises are classified into two eras?

Back 283

pre wwII
post wwII

Front 284

pre war hi rises lacked?

Back 284

central a/c systems

Front 285

in broad terms hi rises are classified into two eras?

Back 285

pre wwII
post wwII

Front 286

pre war hi rises lacked?

Back 286

central a/c systems

Front 287

reflex time is?

Back 287

total time elapsed from receipt of alarm until an active stream is flowing

Front 288

reflex time in a single story home is?

Back 288

2-3min

Front 289

a sky lobby is?

Back 289

elevator terminal for seperate bank of elevators

Front 290

attempt to get off elevator where

Back 290

2 floors below

Front 291

drilling a 6" floor can be done in how long?

Back 291

5 min

Front 292

osha regulations for verticlal openings are?

Back 292

made of wood or rope

Front 293

sprinkler systems are generally installed when?

Back 293

not complete until the end of construction is near done

Front 294

the standpipe and riser should be installed in progression to?

Back 294

2 floor of highest level under construction

Front 295

steel loses its strength at what temp?

Back 295

1500 degrees

Front 296

cable will fail at what temp?

Back 296

800 degrees

Front 297

it takes how long for concrete to set?

Back 297

48 hours
28 days to reach full carry capacity

Front 298

the most dangerous bldng for ff's?

Back 298

vacant

Front 299

a bldng marked with a box near ________will indicated bldng condtions?

Back 299

at main entrance and remote entrances

Front 300

an empty square box on a bldng?

Back 300

normal structural stability

Front 301

a bldng with square with one line?

Back 301

all ops conducted from exterior if possible

Front 302

a square box with an x in the middle mean you need what to enter?

Back 302

permission from IC

Front 303

RO above square box on a building means?

Back 303

roof open

Front 304

Natural gas is mostly?

Back 304

methane

Front 305

natural gas is mixed with what other gases?

Back 305

5% ethane
co2 nitrogen

Front 306

ethane can used to determine if gas source is?

Back 306

natural

if it doesnt contain ethane it isnt natural

Front 307

if a gas source is natural without ethane it may be?

Back 307

swamp gas
hydrocarbon vapors

Front 308

Natural gas is colorless and?

Back 308

odorless

Front 309

Natural Gas can be detected as little as?

Back 309

1 %

Front 310

odorant used in NG is lost over?

Back 310

over long distances
chemically' breaks down
condenses in pipe

Front 311

3 type of NG emergencies?

Back 311

inside leaks- explosions
outside leaks
leaks from fires

Front 312

you should not close any gas valves w/o specific direction of?

Back 312

gas co personnel

Front 313

Older NG distributor systems operate at what psi?

Back 313

1/4 psi reduced by district regulation

Front 314

gas regulator failure is recognized by?

Back 314

gas odor and hissing

Front 315

NG is not toxic but it will?

Back 315

displace o2

Front 316

NG gas doesnt pose a great ?

Back 316

health hazard

Front 317

the only way to determine dangers of a gas leak?

Back 317

combustible gas detector

Front 318

as a guide what meters dont have a curb valve?

Back 318

low pressure outside meters dont have a curb valve

hi pressure systems have curb valve

Front 319

dont use smoke ejectors to suck out ng gas even if?

Back 319

labeled explosion proof

Front 320

underground gas leaks tend to travel _____before being detected?

Back 320

great distances under pavement

Front 321

the human nose can detect ________% of NG

Back 321

1%

Front 322

never attempt to stop a gas leak in what type of pipe?

Back 322

plastic pipe


30k volt static charge

Front 323

the only way to prevent a Bleve is to keep?

Back 323

shell from overheating

Front 324

_____the most common of the limit controls on oil burner?>

Back 324

thermostat

Front 325

aquastats are found on ______systems?

Back 325

on steam and hotwater systems

Front 326

grey brown smoke indicates what fire?

Back 326

class A material

Front 327

heavy rolling clouds of twisitng smoke is?

Back 327

hot smoke form intense fire deep in building

Front 328

whispy smoke indicates what type of fire?

Back 328

incipient

Front 329

partially extinguished fires give off alot of?

Back 329

co

Front 330

incinerators have what problems?

Back 330

over sized piece is dropped and blocks escape of smoke and gases

Front 331

most common CO detectors?

Back 331

self contained battery operated

Front 332

first thing to do when responding to a CO call?

Back 332

find out if caller are ill

Front 333

symptoms of CO poisoning?

Back 333

headaches, nausea, fatigue, dizziness, mental confusion

Front 334

acceptable levels of CO are?

Back 334

9ppm residence
35 ppm commercial

Front 335

third most resistive to collapse

Back 335

ordinary brick and wood joist

Front 336

100' I beam heated to 1000 degree expands to ?


returns when?

Back 336

9 1/2 inches


cooled

Front 337

as little as ___psi of lateral pressure can collapse a brickwall?>

Back 337

1 psi

Front 338

if you havent put fire out in______min you should?

Back 338

20 min consider withdrawl

Front 339

sponginess may be a natural condition on_-roof?

Back 339

inverted

Front 340

one member of search team should be a emt or?

Back 340

proficient in first aid

Front 341

if conditions permit you should continue suppression efforts along with?

Back 341

rescue efforts

Front 342

you should only begin to remove debris when you are certain there are no other?

Back 342

surviviors

Front 343

heavy rescue trucks should be located where on collapses?

Back 343

close to scene but not in front

Front 344

first two ambulances will establish?

Back 344

medical command and initiate triage

Front 345

if you suspect something isnt right at an inspection you should do what?

Back 345

take no overt action wait until you are well away and out of sight of the premises

Front 346

if you suspect terroism actvities you should call a detective squad and fbi via?

Back 346

hard wire phone

Front 347

a al quaeda bombing technique?

Back 347

swarming involving simultaneous attacks designed to overwhelm

Front 348

secondary devices are usually found?

Back 348

around the perimeter of a blast site

Front 349

likely terroist targets are>

Back 349

world landmarks
financial institutions
media and corporate headquarters
ideological targets
educational research labs (animal research Columbia, Stanford)

Front 350

Al Quaedas potential targets are?

Back 350

energy facilities
transportation facilities
soft targets

Front 351

what kind of calls should raise suspcion about a terrorism plot in progress?

Back 351

calls to:
recognizable landmark
crowded public location
person overcome by fumes or chemical odor
building explosion including transformer
any response where a threat or other intelligence indicates a motive

Front 352

the only way not to be a fatality at a terror event is to be?

Back 352

alert
properly trained
react instinctively and correctly

Front 353

sarin
soman
tabun
all are?

Back 353

nerve agents

Front 354

mustard gas
lewsite
phosgene oxime
all are?

Back 354

blister agents

Front 355

phosgene
chlorine

Back 355

choking agent

Front 356

hydrogen cyanide
cyanogen chloride

Back 356

blood agents

Front 357

hemorrhagic fever
marburg
ebola
machupo
dengue fever
small pox

Back 357

viruses

Front 358

anthrax
bubonic plague
tulaeremia
brucellosis

Back 358

bacteria

Front 359

botulism
ricin
staphylococcus entero toxin

Back 359

toxin

Front 360

who should you request to establish a safe cooridor for entry of rescue workers?

Back 360

bomb squad
or EOD emergecny ordinance disposal

Front 361

a request for site security from law enforcement should be made how?

Back 361

over you radio

Front 362

the first unit to identify an explosion as likley bombing should notify?

Back 362

the dept wide command structure

Front 363

position apparaturs on collapses per?

Back 363

collapse rescue plan

Front 364

aerial ladders on collpases should be positioned for?

Back 364

rescue

Front 365

if you dont have enough people to cover the meter assignments the injured will?

Back 365

have to wait until you cover the assignments

Front 366

victims in a terror attack that need iv, cpr, aed are not?

Back 366

likely to survive

Front 367

who is designated to command a staging area during a terror response?

Back 367

company officer until a chief arrives

Front 368

who should be designated the triage unit leader?
and treatment unit leader

Back 368

an officer for both assignments

Front 369

do not move terror victims except to?

Back 369

help a survivor

Front 370

when responding to a blast from a possible bomb look for what signs not seen on gas explosions?

Back 370

destruction of concrete floors, columns or girders

Front 371

the batf chart:
the lethal air blast range is the ?

Back 371

minimum distance to evauate

Front 372

evacuation should follow what guides?

Back 372

yellow guides
may be impractical some are a mile radius

Front 373

RDD is known as?

Back 373

radiological dispersal device

Front 374

dirty rdd bombs cause more _______damage than?

Back 374

psychological damage than radiological

Front 375

after a rdd you should do what first with an injured victim?

Back 375

treat then decon

Front 376

the main threat from radiological material that is readily available ?

Back 376

contamination

Front 377

search the hot zone for rdd in what pattern?

Back 377

circular pattern

Front 378

the maximum does of radiation a ff should absorb is?

Back 378

25r which is 25,000 times the level when a 1m/r alarm sounds

Front 379

APR air purifying respirators protect against inhaling and swallowing radioactive material but only if they are _______rate?

Back 379

P-100

Front 380

APR (respirators) should only be used after the area is tested for the presence of?

Back 380

other dangerous material

Front 381

the most likely WMD attack Americans might face is?

Back 381

chemical attack

Front 382

what units should approach the immediate location of a chemical attack

Back 382

first due eng and ladder

Front 383

obvious explosion damage should trigger what kind of response?

Back 383

protective response

Front 384

most chemical weapons are _____than air?

Back 384

heavier

Front 385

if a victim of chemical attack responds to:
Touch?
Painful stimuli?

Back 385

to touch or gentle voice the victim should be removed
to painful stimuli the victim requires immediate treatment

Front 386

depending on conditions found upon arrival the IC can initiate what two modes of operation on a terror attack?

Back 386

rescue
defensive

Front 387

tests by US Army Chemical Command showed bunker gear and scba offer what protection from chemical attacks?

Back 387

full bunket gear and scba will protect for a limited time

30mins where there are live victims

Front 388

if a chemical dispersal device is still emitting chemical the repsonders should>

Back 388

make no attempt to stop it. leave the area and go to decon

Front 389

officers who observe patients displaying the signs and symptoms of a gas attack should transmit?

Back 389

"mayday gas attack"
via handie talkie

Front 390

if no hoseline is available to decon you can use?

Back 390

water or afff extinguishers

Front 391

officers must ensure members are deconned before?

Back 391

air supply runs out

Front 392

the initial survey team should not committ to entering an area where they see?

Back 392

unresponsive people

Front 393

us army test show bunker gear will protect you for ______min in lethal concentrations?

Back 393

3 minutes

Front 394

the decon team should act as the air and communications monitor for their members writing down?

Back 394

what time they go on air and making sure they return to begin decon

Front 395

a 45 minute bottle allows how much work time before decon?

Back 395

20min operations for 5 min of decon

Front 396

a 30 minute bottle allows how much work time before decon?

Back 396

10 min operations for 5 min decon

Front 397

the first arriving engine on a chemical attack should wear?

Back 397

full gear with scba

Front 398

the first arriving engine on a chemical attack should provide gross decon via?

Back 398

ambulatory victims, with a large caliber fog stream from apparatus master stream

Front 399

persons that have been deconned should be directed to

Back 399

collection points for triage

Front 400

IC's must review guidelines recommended by SBCCOM in what plan?

Back 400

improved repsonse plan in order to understand the implications of the operations

Front 401

a period of time has elapsed since agent relase of _______min or more may indicate a rescue operation may be practical?

Back 401

10 min or more

Front 402

factors that indicate a rescue operation may not be practical (chemical attack)

Back 402

self evacuation has ended
no living victims can be seen or heard
survivors indicate there are no more viable victims in the attacked area

Front 403

factors that indicate a defensive operation must be considered(Chemical attack)

Back 403

second attack or pattern of attacks is currenty occurring
uniformed personnel have become casualties
secondary attacks occurred are ongoing

Front 404

the strategy that guides a defensive operation for a chemical release is grounded in what tactics?

Back 404

military tactics known as force protection

Front 405

non ambulatory victims in a chemical release are considered?

Back 405

non salvagable

Front 406

initial rescue actions during a chemical release should concentrate on?

Back 406

removing able bodied perosn from immediate danger

Front 407

we have lost ___ff in residential structures for every 100k fires

Back 407

4

Front 408

80% of civilian deaths occur where?

Back 408

in residential

3k a year

Front 409

we lose _____ff per 100k of vacant buildings?

Back 409

18

Front 410

teletype message is the best because it?

Back 410

give officer hard copy to refer to

Front 411

what actually produces a life hazard at a fire?

Back 411

time of day
couple with occupancy
and location
produce life hazard

Front 412

the biggest impact on ff is the time?

Back 412

since the fire began

Front 413

WTC had fire resistance of?

Back 413

3 hours

Front 414

what hastend the collapses of WTC

Back 414

impact
fireload

Front 415

which two building constructions behave similarly to fire?

Back 415

Class 3 and 5

20

Front 416

20 min collapse rule applies to what structures?

Back 416

calls 3 and 5

Front 417

the more windows fire is showing at the longer?

Back 417

the burn time

Front 418

concerns about building construction are?

Back 418

compartmentalization
fire load from building
number of hidden voids (responsible for more destruction)
ability to resist collapse

Front 419

the ______a fire is in a building the more of a hazard?

Back 419

the lower

Front 420

next to life hazard the ff's next priority is?

Back 420

exposures

Front 421

water flow depends on what during a fire?

Back 421

fire load and area involved

Front 422

tests by NFPA and Factory mutual have determined______gpm for each 100 square feet is sufficient in what fire loads?

Back 422

10gpm in light fire loads

Front 423

two ways to reduce likelihood of a loss is to?

Back 423

survey the area and determine minimum flows
ensure sprinklers are installed

Front 424

an incipient fire may only require _____to______gallons to put it out

Back 424

5-10

Front 425

while waiting for water ff;s should wait?

Back 425

to the side of a door to let heat vent out

Front 426

the ff team advances after a final check with?

Back 426

the back up man and officer

Front 427

what kind of nozzle attack avoids rollover effect?

Back 427

combination

Front 428

the heat in the area of a smoldering fire is more than?

Back 428

1000 degrees

Front 429

two classic indicators of a stage 3 fire?

Back 429

High heat
limited ventilation

Front 430

the steam atmosphere in a indirect attack must have several minutes of what ?

Back 430

soaking time to have the desired smothering effect

Front 431

too low a flow in indirect attacks is likely to?

Back 431

push fire into other areas

Front 432

a common situation where backdraft occurs in a free burning fire that killed ff's is in what buildings?

Back 432

top floor apts,schools and class 3 bulidings with cockloft that extends over entire top floor

Front 433

one reason for a fire to extend beyond the structure of origin is?

Back 433

IC failure to conduct a continuing size up

Front 434

a master stream from a elevated platform can reach 100' in length and 3 stories high unless radiant heat or threat of collapse pushes you to the flanks which will cause reach to be ?

Back 434

50-75'

Front 435

the method of hoseline stretch is determined by/

Back 435

presence of standpipes
open stairwells
usable courtyard windows

Front 436

the larger the diameter of the hose, the more water it can carry with the same?

Back 436

pressure drop

Front 437

mask equipped ff were invented in?

Back 437

the 50-60's

Front 438

the greatest protection from radiant heat?

Back 438

distance

Front 439

a separation of 50-100' may not be enough if?

Back 439

a entire wall surface is involved

Front 440

the thermal radiation feedback from each wall serves to heat up the opposing surface releasing gases. This is called?

Back 440

self accelerative

Front 441

the normal position of the nozzle is wide open unless?

Back 441

you need to reduce the flow, you can gate down temporarily. should have the de reduce the pressure to correct range

Front 442

early peripheral fog nozzles varied the flow. The effect that a change in what has on the flow?

Back 442

the change in stream position has on flow

upto 33% or rated flow

Front 443

a constant gallonage has a fixed center baffle that allows constant gallonage as long as?

Back 443

the np remains the same

Front 444

constant gallonage nozzle deliver a specified gallonage at ____PSI?

Back 444

100

Front 445

the most recent improvement in nozzle design?

Back 445

constant pressure or automatic nozzles

Front 446

what nozzle uses a spring to regulate the size of the discharge opening?

Back 446

constant pressure/automatic nozzles

Front 447

some automatic nozzles can flow from ?

Back 447

60-350gpm

Front 448

the last resort devices for applying water?

Back 448

cellar nozzles
distributors

Front 449

which cellar pipe only applies water in one or two directions at a time?

Back 449

baker pipe
must be continually manned

Front 450

the reach of a baker pipe is?

Back 450

50'

Front 451

the revolving bresnan distributor has a range of?

Back 451

15-20' radius

Front 452

hi ex foam must be applied while the floor above is?

Back 452

tenable

Front 453

you will not feel heat in ______or_______feet of hi ex?

Back 453

3 or 4 feet

Front 454

what accessories can be used with a break away nozzle?

Back 454

bent applicator pipes
piercing nozzles
foam aspirating tubes
available with 1 1/2 hose threads

Front 455

the greatest benefit for a applicator pipe is?

Back 455

extreme wind driven fire in class I hi rise