Section 5

Front 1

Cultural Landscape

Back 1

A combination of features like language, religion, economic features, and physical features.

Front 2

Vernacular Region

Back 2

A place people believe exists as part of their cultural identity.

Hint 2

This is also known as a perceptual region.

Front 3

Globalization

Back 3

The force or process that involves the entire world resulting in making something worldwide.

Front 4

Cultural Hearth

Back 4

The place from which something originates.

Front 5

Relocation Diffusion

Back 5

The spread of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to another.

Front 6

Hierarchal Diffusion

Back 6

The spread of an idea from persons or nodes of authority or power to other persons or places.

Front 7

Contagious Diffusion

Back 7

The rapid, widespread diffusion of a characteristic the population.

Front 8

Stimulus Diffusion

Back 8

The spread of an underlying principle, even if the characteristic itself apparently fails to diffuse.

Front 9

Folk Culture

Back 9

Practiced by small homogeneous groups in isolated rural areas. Examples if this is wearing a Sarong in Malaysia or a Sari in India.

Front 10

Popular Culture

Back 10

Found in large, heterogeneous societies that share certain habits. An example of this is wearing jeans in the U.S..

Front 11

Official Language

Back 11

The language used by the government for laws, reports, and public objects, like road signs, money, and stamps.

Front 12

Dialect

Back 12

A regional variation of a language distinguished by distinctive vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation.

Front 13

Language Families

Back 13

A collection of languages related through a common ancestral language that existed long before recorded history.

Front 14

Creolized Language

Back 14

A language that results from the mixing of the colonizers' language with the indigenous language of the people being dominated.

Front 15

Extinct Languages

Back 15

Once used languages that are no longer read or spoken in daily activities by anyone in the world.

Front 16

Isolated Languages

Back 16

A language unrelated to any other and therefore not attached to any language family.

Front 17

Lingua Franca

Back 17

A language if international communication.

Front 18

Multi-Lingual States

Back 18

States with multiple spoken languages.

Hint 18

Problems can arise at the boundary between two languages in a single state.

Front 19

Universalizing Religion

Back 19

A religion that attempts to be global and to appeal to all people no matter where in the world they may live.

Front 20

Ethnic Religion

Back 20

A religion the appeals primarily to one group of people living in one place.

Front 21

Secularism

Back 21

The principle of the separation of government institutions and persons mandated to represent the state from religious institutions and religious dignitaries.

Front 22

Branch

Back 22

A large and fundamental division within a religion.

Front 23

Sect

Back 23

A relatively small group that has broken away from an established denomination.

Front 24

Monotheism

Back 24

The belief that there is only one god.

Front 25

Polytheism

Back 25

The belief that there is more than one god or diety.

Front 26

Animism

Back 26

Belief that objects, such as plants and stones or natural events like thunderstorms or earthquakes, have a discrete spirit and conscious life.

Front 27

Religious Hearths and Diffusion Patterns

Back 27

Christianity: Israel ~ Europe and The Americas.
Islam: Saudi Arabia ~ North Africa and Southwest Asia.
Buddhism: Nepal ~ East and Southeast Asia.

Front 28

Sacred Structures

Back 28

Physical "anchors" of a religion.

Hint 28

These are the places of worship.

Front 29

Sacred Spaces

Back 29

These spaces include burial of the dead and religious settlements.

Front 30

Hierarchal Religions

Back 30

These religions have well defined geographic structures and organizes territory into local administrative units.

Front 31

Locally Autonomous Religion

Back 31

These religions are self-sufficient and interaction among communities is confined to little more than loose cooperation and shared ideas.

Front 32

Fundamentalism

Back 32

Literal interpretation and strict adherence to basic principles of a religion/branch, denomination, or sect.

Front 33

Ethnicity

Back 33

Identity with a group of people who share cultural traditions of a particular homeland it hearth.

Front 34

Race

Back 34

Identity with a group who share a biological ancestor.

Front 35

Apartheid

Back 35

The physical separation of different races into divergent geographic areas.