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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sexual reproduction |
- 2 specialised sex cells called gametes - sex cells produced by meiosis - non-identical offspring that are genetically different |
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Asexual reproduction |
No specialised cells - new organism formed by mitosis - identical offspring that all have the same genes ex- hydra or crab grass |
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Fertilization |
The fusion of a male and female gamete to produce a zygote that undergoes cell division and develops into an embryo |
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Describe the structures of an insect- pollinated flower and how it is adapted for pollination |
Stamen is inside - Stigma is sticky and on the inside - The petals are big and colorful -Nectaries are present - Pollen grains are large and sticky |
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Describe the structures of a wind- pollinated flower and how it is adapted for pollination |
Stamen is outside - Stigma is outside and feathery - Petals are small, green or not colorful -Nectaries are not present -Pollen grains are small and light |
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What leads to seed and fruit formation? |
The growth of the pollen tube followed by fertilization leads to this |
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Describe ways plants can reproduce asexually |
- Natural methods demonstrated by runner - Artificial methods demonstrated by cuttings |
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Male reproductive system |
Testes- produce sperm cells which are stored in the epididymus Vas deferans- carries sperm to the penis Prostate- adds fluid to the sperm and creates semen as well as seminal vesicles Urethra- carries sperm to the end of and out of the penis |
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Females reproductive system |
Ovaries- produce eggs Oviducts- carry the eggs to the uterus, site of fertilization Uterus- develops the fertilized egg on the placenta Cervix- entrance to uterus |
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Roles of oestrogen and progesterone in the menstrual cycle |
Oestrogen stimulates the lining of the uterus to build up to LH but reduces levels of FSH so this can happen Progesterone maintains the uterus lining. If an egg is fertilized, progesterone helps to keep pregnancy going. |
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Roles of oestrogen in the development of secondary sexual characteristics. |
Oestrogen - menstrual cycle - hips and breasts - pubic hair - voice deepens slowly - development of sexual organs |
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Roles of testosterone in the development of secondary sexual characteristics. |
Production of sperm - Growth of sexual organs - Pubic hair, arms and face - shoulder broaden, increase in muscle mass - Voice breaks and gets deeper - Sexual drive |
