Section 2 Test Ns111

Front 1

ACID

Back 1

Substance containing a hydrogen ion that can be liberated or released

Front 2

ACIDOSIS

Back 2

Condition characterized by a proportionate excess of hydrogen ions in the extracellular fluid, in which the pH falls below 7.35

Front 3

AEROBIC

Back 3

Requires oxygen to live and grow

Front 4

AGGLUTININ

Back 4

An antibody that causes a clumping of specific antigens

Front 5

ALKALOSIS

Back 5

Condition, characterized by a proportionate lack of hydrogen ions in the extracellular fluid concentration, in which the pH exceeds 7.45

Front 6

ANAEROBIC

Back 6

Live without oxygen

Front 7

ANION

Back 7

Negative charged ion

Front 8

ANTIBODY

Back 8

Immunoglobin produced by the body in response to a specific antigen

Front 9

ANTIGEN

Back 9

Foreign material capable of inducing a specific immune response

Front 10

ASEPSIS

Back 10

Absence of disease-producing microorganisms; using methods to prevent infection

Front 11

BACTERIOCIDAL

Back 11

The destruction or dessolution of bacteria

Front 12

BACTERIOSTATIC

Back 12

Inhibiting the growth of bacteria

Front 13

BASE

Back 13

An alkali, a substance that can accept or trap H+ ions.

Front 14

BUFFER

Back 14

Substance that prevents body fluid from becoming overly acid or alkaline

Front 15

CARMINATIVE

Back 15

A agent that helps to prevent gas formation in the gastrointestinal tract

Front 16

CATHARTICS

Back 16

Medications that strongly increases gastrointestinal motility and promotes defecation

Front 17

CATHETERIZATION

Back 17

Use or passage of a catheter.

Front 18

CATIONS

Back 18

Positive charged ions

Front 19

CHOLECYSTECTOMY

Back 19

Surgical removal of the gallbladder

Front 20

COLLOID OSMOTIC PRESSURE

Back 20

Pressure exerted by plasma proteins on permeable membranes in the body; synonym for oncotic pressure

Front 21

COLOSTOMY

Back 21

An opening into the colon that permits feces to exit through the stoma

Front 22

CONSTIPATION

Back 22

Passage of dry, hard, fecal material

Front 23

DEFECATION

Back 23

Emptying of the intestinal tract; synonym for bowel movement

Front 24

DEHISCENCE

Back 24

Separation of the layers of a surgical wound; may be partial, superficial, or complete disruption of the surgical wound

Front 25

DEHYDRATION

Back 25

Decreased water volume in body tissue. This refers to loss of water alone with increased serum sodium levels.

Front 26

DIFFUSION

Back 26

Tendency of solutes to move freely throughout a solvent from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until equilibrium is established

Front 27

DISINFECTION

Back 27

Process used to destroy microorganisms; destroys all pathogenic organisms except spores

Front 28

DIURESIS

Back 28

The secretion and passage of large amounts of urine

Front 29

DYSURIA

Back 29

Difficulty in voiding; may or may not be associated with pain

Front 30

EDEMA

Back 30

Accumulation of fluid in extracellular spaces

Front 31

ELECTROLYTES

Back 31

Substance capable of breaking into ions and developing an electric charge when dissolved in solution

Front 32

ENDOGENOUS

Back 32

Produced or originating from within a cell or organism.

Front 33

ENEMA

Back 33

procedure of introducing liquids into the rectum and colon via the anus

Front 34

ERYTHROPOIETIN

Back 34

A cytokine made by the kidneys that stimulates the proliferation of red blood cells.

Front 35

EVISCERATION

Back 35

Protrusion of viscera through an incision

Front 36

EXOGENOUS

Back 36

Originating outside an organ or part

Front 37

EXTRACELLULAR FLUIDS

Back 37

Fluid outside the cells; includes intravascular and interstitial fluids

Front 38

FECAL IMPACTION

Back 38

Collection in the rectum of hardened feces that cannot be passed

Front 39

FILTRATION

Back 39

Passage of a fluid through a permeable membrane whose spaces do not allow certain solutes to pass; passage is from an area of higher pressure to one of lower pressure

Front 40

FLATULENCE

Back 40

Excessive formation of gases in the gastrointestinal tract

Front 41

FLATUS

Back 41

Intestinal gas

Front 42

FUNGICIDE

Back 42

An agent that kills fungi and their spores

Front 43

GRANULATION TISSUE

Back 43

New tissue that is pink/red in color and composed of fibroblasts and small blood vessels that fill an open wound when it starts to heal

Front 44

HEMORRHOIDS

Back 44

Abnormally distended rectal veins

Front 45

HOMEOSTASIS

Back 45

Various physiologic and psychological mechanisms respond to changes in the internal and external environment to maintain a balanced state

Front 46

HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE

Back 46

Force exerted by a fluid against the container wall

Front 47

HYPERCALCEMIA

Back 47

Excess of calcium in the extracellular fluid

Front 48

HYPERKALEMIA

Back 48

Excess of potassium in the extracellular fluid

Front 49

HYPERMAGNESEMIA

Back 49

Excess of magnesium in the extracellular fluid

Front 50

HYPERNATREMIA

Back 50

Excess of sodium in the extracellular fluid

Front 51

HYPERTONIC

Back 51

Having a greater concentration than the solution with which it is being compared

Front 52

HYPOCALCEMIA

Back 52

Insufficient amount of calcium in the extracellular fluid

Front 53

HYPOKALEMIA

Back 53

Insufficient amount of potassium min the extracellular fluid

Front 54

HYPOMAGNESEMIA

Back 54

Insufficient amount of magnesium in the extracellular fluid

Front 55

HYPONATREMIA

Back 55

Insufficient amount of sodium in the extra cellular fluid

Front 56

HYPOTONIC

Back 56

Having a lesser concentration than the solution with which it is being compared

Front 57

HYPOVOLEMIC SHOCK

Back 57

Shock due to a decrease in blood volume

Front 58

IATROGENIC

Back 58

Infection that occurs as a result of a treatment or diagnostic procedure

Front 59

ILEOSTOMY

Back 59

Opening into the small intestine allows fecal content from the ileum to be eliminated through the stoma

Front 60

IMMUNOCOMPROMISED

Back 60

Having an immune system that is incapable for a normal, full reaction to pathogens or tissue damage, as the result of a disease or drug therapy with agents that inhibit components of the immune system.

Front 61

INSENSIBLE WATER LOSS

Back 61

Non-measureable water loss. Lungs breathing. Normal sweat/evaporation.

Front 62

ISOTONIC

Back 62

Having about the same concentration as the solution with which it is being compared

Front 63

LAPAROSCOPIC

Back 63

Pertaining to a bariatric surgical treatment

Front 64

LOCAL ANESTHESIA

Back 64

The pharmacological inhibition of nerve impulses in a body part. Works by decreasing the flow of sodium into nerve cells. Small lesions or minor surgery.

Front 65

MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA

Back 65

disease that causes a rapid rise in body temperature (fever) and severe muscle contractions when the affected person receives general anesthesia.

Front 66

MASTICATE

Back 66

To chew

Front 67

MEDICAL ASEPSIS

Back 67

Practices designed to reduce the number and transfer of pathogens; synonym for clean technique

Front 68

METABOLIC ACIDOSIS

Back 68

Proportionate deficiency of bicarbonate ions in the extracellular fluid

Front 69

METABOLIC ALKALOSIS

Back 69

Proportionate excess of bicarbonate ions in the extracellular fluid

Front 70

NOSOCOMIAL

Back 70

Something originating or taking place in the hospital (i.e. Infection)

Front 71

OLIGURIA

Back 71

Scanty or greatly diminished amount of urine voided in a given time; 24 hour urine output is 100 to 400
- mL 30 mL and hour!!

Front 72

ONCOTIC PRESSURE

Back 72

osmotic pressure exerted by plasma proteins on permeable membranes in the body; synonym for colloid osmotic pressure

Front 73

OSMOLARITY

Back 73

Concentration of particles in a solution, or a solutions pulling power

Front 74

OSMOSIS

Back 74

Passage of a solvent through a semipermeable membrane from an area of lesser concentration to an area of greater concentration until equilibrium is established

Front 75

PARALYTIC ILEUS

Back 75

Paralysis of intestinal peristalsis

Front 76

PATHOGENS

Back 76

Disease-producing microorganisms

Front 77

PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA

Back 77

Method of controlling pain that involves an infusion pump that holds a vial of an IV analgesic that the patient controls and self-administers n small doses

Front 78

PERCEPTION

Back 78

Conscious process of organizing and interpreting data from the senses into meaningful information

Front 79

PERI-OPERATIVE

Back 79

Wide variety of nursing activities carried out before, during, and after surgery

Front 80

PYELONEPHRITIS

Back 80

Inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis, usually as a result of a bacterial infection that has ascended from the urinary bladder.

Front 81

RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS

Back 81

Proportionate excess of carbonic acid in the extracellular fluid

Front 82

RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS

Back 82

Proportionate deficiency of carbonic acid in the extracellular fluid

Front 83

SENSIBLE WATER LOSS

Back 83

Capable of being perceived. Measureable water loss – Foley, emesis

Front 84

SEPSIS

Back 84

A systemic inflammatory response to infection, in which there is fever or hypothermia, tachy-cardia/pnea, inadequate blood flow to organs.

Front 85

SEQUENTIAL PNEUMATIC COMPRESSION DEVICES

Back 85

Compression devices used on calves for VTE prophylaxis

Front 86

SEROSANGUINEOUS

Back 86

Containing or the nature of serum and blood

Front 87

SEROUS

Back 87

Resembling blood serum clear and watery in appearance

Front 88

STANDARD PRECAUTIONS

Back 88

CDC precautions used in the care of all patients regardless of their diagnosis or possible infection status; this category combines universal and body substance precautions

Front 89

STERILIZATION

Back 89

The process by which all microorganisms, including spores, are destroyed

Front 90

STOMA

Back 90

Artificial opening for waste excretion located on the body surface

Front 91

SURGICAL ASEPSIS

Back 91

Practices that render and keep objects and areas free from microorganisms; synonym for sterile technique

Front 92

SYSTEMIC

Back 92

Throughout the entire body

Front 93

VALSALVA MANEUVER

Back 93

Forcible exhalation against a closed glottis, resulting in increased intrathoracic pressure