Second Psych Test

Front 1

Prodromal phase

Back 1

comes before the active phase in Schizophrenia and is marked by an obvious deterioration in role functioning as a student, employee, or homemaker. Change in personality

Front 2

Residual phase

Back 2

follows the active phase of Schizophrenia. At this point, the most dramatic symptoms of psychosis have improved, but the person continues to be impaired in various ways.

Front 3

Positive symptoms

Back 3

dimension of Schizophrenic symptoms that include hallucinations and delusions.

Front 4

negative symptoms

Back 4

dimension of Schizophrenic symptoms that include lack of initiative, social withdrawal, and deficits in emotional responding.

Front 5

Hallucinations

Back 5

sensory experiences that are not caused by actual external stimuli.

Front 6

delusions

Back 6

personal beliefs that are firmly held in spite of their absurd nature.

Front 7

blunted affect

Back 7

flattening or restriction of the person’s nonverbal display of emotional responses.

Front 8

Anhedonia

Back 8

the inability to experience pleasure.

Front 9

Avolition

Back 9

lack of will

Front 10

Alogia

Back 10

poverty of speech

Front 11

disorganized speech

Back 11

the tendency of some patients to say things that do not make sense. Signs are making irrelevant responses to questions, expressing disconnected ideas, and using words in peculiar ways.

Front 12

Inappropriate affect

Back 12

improper emotional expression.

Front 13

Catatonic type

Back 13

characterized by symptoms of motor immobility or excessive and purposeless motor activity.

Front 14

Disorganized type

Back 14

characterized by disorganized speech, disorganized behavior, and flat or inappropriate affect.

Front 15

Paranoid type

Back 15

systematic delusions with persecutory or grandiose content.

Front 16

Undifferentiated type

Back 16

psychotic symptoms that either meet the criteria for several subtypes or otherwise do not meet the criteria for the catatonic, disorganized or paranoid types.

Front 17

Residual type

Back 17

patients who no longer meet the criteria for active phase symptoms but nevertheless demonstrate continued signs of negative symptoms or attenuates forms of delusions, hallucinations, or disorganized speech.

Front 18

Expressed emotion (EE):

Back 18

concept that refers to a collection of negative attitudes displayed by relatives of patients who are being treated for a disorder. If at least one of the relatives is hostile, critical, or emotionally overinvolved, the family environment is typically considered high in EE.

Front 19

Schizotaxia

Back 19

theory that states that individuals who are predisposed to schizophrenia inherit a slight neurological defect of unknown form.

Front 20

Vulnerability marker

Back 20

a specific measure that might be useful in identifying people who are at risk to a disorder.

Front 21

Antipsychotic drugs

Back 21

drugs used to reduce the severity of, and sometimes eliminate, psychotic symptoms.

Front 22

Atypical antipsychotics

Back 22

Antipsychotics drugs that are generally more effective than classical antipsychotics in the treatment of negative symptoms.

Front 23

Emotion

Back 23

state of physiological arousal defined by subjective states of feeling

Front 24

affect

Back 24

refers to the patter of observable behavior, such as facial expression, that are associated with theses subjective feelings

Front 25

Mood

Back 25

refers to a persistent and sustained emotional response

Front 26

Depressed Mood

Back 26

Depressed feelings such as of disappointment and despair, but which is not yet necessarily part of a clinical syndrome.

Front 27

Clinical depression

Back 27

a depressed mood is accompanied by several other symptoms, such as fatigue, loss of energy, difficulty in sleeping, and changes in appetite. As well as changes in thinking and overt behavior.

Front 28

Mania

Back 28

disturbance in mood characterized by symptoms such as elation, inflated self-esteem, hyperactivity, and accelerated speaking and thinking. An exaggerated feeling of physical and emotional well-being.

Front 29

Euphoria

Back 29

elated mood

Front 30

Mood Disorders

Back 30

Broad category of psychopathology that describes depressed and bipolar disorders.

Front 31

Dysphoric

Back 31

an unpleasant mood

Front 32

Somatic symptoms

Back 32

symptoms related to basic physiological or bodily functions.

Front 33

Psychomotor retardation:

Back 33

generalized slowing of physical and emotional reactions

Front 34

Hypomania

Back 34

episode of increased energy that is not sever enough to qualify as a full-blown manic episode.

Front 35

Hypomanic v. manic:

Back 35

For hypomanic: symptoms need to be present for a minimum of only 4 days (as opposed to a week) not severe enough to impair social or occupational functioning or to require hospitalization.

Front 36

Melancholia

Back 36

term used to describe a particularly severe type of depression

Front 37

Seasonal Affective Disorder

Back 37

mood disorder associated with changes in season. Symptoms include poor fitness habits and increase in sleep.

Front 38

Remission

Back 38

period of recovery

Front 39

Relapse

Back 39

a return of active symptoms in a person who has recovered from a previous episode

Front 40

Hopelessness

Back 40

a person’s negative expectations about future events and the associated belief that these events cannot be controlled.

Front 41

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs):

Back 41

most popular antidepressive drug

Front 42

Tricyclics (TCAs):

Back 42

antidepressive drug used to treat depression but has many side effects

Front 43

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAO-Is):

Back 43

antidepressive drug that causes increase in food consumption.

Front 44

Unipolar mood disorder

Back 44

Person experiences only episodes of depression

Front 45

Bipolar Mood Disorder

Back 45

Only manic episodes with no evidence of depression

Front 46

Analogue study

Back 46

studies that focus on behaviors that resemble mental disorders that appear in the natural environment.

Front 47

Schema

Back 47

the way a person perceives events

Front 48

Dissociation

Back 48

the disruption of normally integrated mental processes

Front 49

Traumatic stress

Back 49

events that involve actual or threatened death or serious injury to self or others

Front 50

flashback

Back 50

sudden memories during which the trauma is replayed in images or tho

Front 51

Two-factor theory

Back 51

classical conditioning creates fears when the terror inherent in trauma is paired with the cues associated with the traumatic event.

Front 52

Critical incident stress debriefing (CISD

Back 52

an early intervention 1-5 days following the trauma.

Front 53

Hysteria

Back 53

an uncontrollable outburst of emotion or fear

Front 54

Implicit memory

Back 54

changes in behavior due to the memory of a prior event but with nonsonscious remembering of the event.

Front 55

Hypnosis

Back 55

subjects experience loss of control over their actions in response to suggestions from the hypnotist.

Front 56

Recovered memories

Back 56

dramatic recollections of long-ago traumatic experiences supposedly blocked from the conscious mind by dissociation

Front 57

State-dependent learning

Back 57

process where learning that takes place in one state of affect or consciousness is best recalled in the same state of affect or consciousness.

Front 58

Iatrogenesis

Back 58

the manufacture of the dissociative disorders by their treatment

Front 59

Somatoform Disorders

Back 59

problems characterized by unusual physical symptoms that occur in the absence of a known illness.

Front 60

Malingering

Back 60

pretending to have a somatoform disorder in order to achieve some external gain, such as a disability payment.

Front 61

Secondary Gain

Back 61

belief that symptoms can help a patient avoid responsibility or receive attention.

Front 62

Retrospective reports

Back 62

current recollections of past experiences