Physio Test 2 - Cranial Nerves

Front 1

Motor Cranial Nerves

Back 1

III, IV, V, VI, VII, IX, X, XI, XII

Front 2

Basic motor circuit

Back 2

UMN in precentral gyrus >> corona radiata >> Internal Capsule >> Cerebral Peduncle to CN nucleus (LMN) in brainstem. LMN receive bilateral input (except facial) aka corticobulbar tract.

Front 3

PS motor cranial nerves

Back 3

III, VII, IX, X

Front 4

Occulomotor nucleus

Back 4

CN III - motor; Levator palpebrae and 4 EOM muscles. midbrain level of superior colliculi

Front 5

Occulomotor deficit

Back 5

affected eye down/out; drooping lid

Front 6

E-W nucleus

Back 6

CN III - PS; constricts pupil. midbrain level of Superior colliculi

Front 7

E-W deficit

Back 7

dilated pupil

Front 8

Trochlear nucleus

Back 8

CN IV motor; superior oblique. midbrain level of inferior colliculi

Front 9

Trochlear deficit

Back 9

affected eye tracks up

Front 10

Motor Nucleus of 5

Back 10

CN V motor; in pons

Front 11

Motor of 5 deficit

Back 11

muscles of mastication are weak/paralyzed

Front 12

Abducens nucleus

Back 12

CN VI motor - lateral rectus muscle; in pons

Front 13

Abducens deficit

Back 13

can't look lat

Front 14

Facial Nucleus

Back 14

CN VII motor - muscles of facial expression; in pons

Front 15

facial deficit

Back 15

can't smile, raise eyebrows, wrinkle forehead

Front 16

Nucleus Ambiguus

Back 16

9 and 10 motor. pharynx and larynx; in midmedulla

Front 17

Ambiguus deficit

Back 17

dysphagia, hoarseness

Front 18

Dorsal Motor Nucleus of 10

Back 18

CN 10 PS body; in midmedulla

Front 19

spinal accessory nucleus

Back 19

CN XI motor - trapezius and SCM; in caudal medulla

Front 20

spinal accessory deficit

Back 20

can't shrug shoulder (ips) or turn head contra

Front 21

Hypoglossal nucleus

Back 21

CN 12 motor - tongue; in midmedulla

Front 22

hypoglossal deficit

Back 22

tongue deviates toward lesion

Front 23

Facial nucleus innervation pattern

Back 23

nucleus divided into upper segment (forehead) and lower segment (rest of face). Upper has bilateral input; lower has contralateral

Front 24

Facial nerve UMN lesion

Back 24

contralateral lower quadrant affected

Front 25

Facial nerve LMN lesion

Back 25

entire ipsilateral face affected

Front 26

Midbrain CN nuclei

Back 26

Occulomotor, E-W (superior colliculus); trochlear (inferior colliculus)

Front 27

Pons CN nuclei

Back 27

Motor of 5, Abducens, Facial, Chief sensory of 5, Spinal Trigeminal, vestibular, cochlear,

Front 28

Mid-Medulla CN nuclei

Back 28

Ambiguus, Motor of Vagus, Hypoglossal, Vestibular, Solitary, ST

Front 29

Caudal Medulla CN nuclei

Back 29

Spinal Accessory

Front 30

Sensory cranial nerves

Back 30

I, II, V, VII, VIII, IX, X

Front 31

sensory cranial nerve circuit

Back 31

Meissner's Corpuscle >> cranail nerve nucleus >> 2nd neuron dessecates >> ascends to VPM >> internal capsule >> post-central gyrus

Front 32

lateral geniculate nucleus

Back 32

CN II; vision

Front 33

LGN deficit

Back 33

contralateral visual field

Front 34

Mesencephalic nucleus of 5

Back 34

V; proprioception related to muscles of mastication

Front 35

Mesencephalic nucleus of 5 deficit

Back 35

dimished jaw jerk

Front 36

Chief sensory nucleus of 5

Back 36

V, pressure, fine touch, vibration of face

Front 37

Chief sensory nucleus of 5 deficit

Back 37

ipsilateral hemianesthesia of face

Front 38

spinal trigeminal nucleus

Back 38

V, pain and temp of face

Front 39

Spinal trigeminal nucleus deficit

Back 39

ipsilateral hemianesthesia of face; corneal reflex

Front 40

cochlear nucleus

Back 40

VIII; hearing

Front 41

cochlear nucleus deficit

Back 41

ipsilateral hearing loss

Front 42

vestibular nucleus

Back 42

VIII balance

Front 43

vestibular deficit

Back 43

nystagmus, vertigo

Front 44

solitary nucleus

Back 44

7, 9, 10 - taste; 9 and 10 - visceral sensation

Front 45

solitary deficits

Back 45

ipsilateral loss of taste; gag reflex

Front 46

Corneal Reflex

Back 46

Cotton touching cornea carried to Spinal Trigeminal nucleus by CN 5; bilateral projections to Facial nuclei, CN 7 motor activates orbicularis oculi to close eyes.

Front 47

Corneal reflex tests...

Back 47

cranial nerves 5 and 7 as well as overall function of pons

Front 48

Gag reflex

Back 48

touching back of pharynx >> CN 9 carries info to solitary nucleus in medulla >> bilateral projections to nucleus ambiguus (also in medulla) >> cranial nerve 10 activates pharyngeal muscles.

Front 49

Gag reflex tests ...

Back 49

cranial nerves 9 and 10 and medulla

Front 50

Medial Pontine Syndrome

Back 50

Ips lateral rectus (CN VI); contra body PPTV (DCML); weakness in contra body (CST)

pontines

Front 51

Lateral Pontine Syndrome

Back 51

ipsilateral facial weakness (CN 7); nausea, vertigo, ataxia (Vestibular nucleus and cerebellar peduncle); ipsilateral hearing loss (Cochlear nucleus);PT in ipsilateral face (Spinal Trigeminal nucleus); PT in contra body (STT); ipsilateral horner's syndrome (hypothalamospinal)

AICA

Front 52

Medial Medullary syndrome

Back 52

CN 12 motor (ipsi tongue dev), ML (contra fine touch), CST (contra UMN syndrome)

Anterior Spinal

Front 53

Lateral Medullary Syndrome

Back 53

Solitary, vestibular, ST nuclei; Ambiguus, Motor of 10, STT, hypothalamospinal.
Similar to Lateral pontine but involves impaired taste and gag reflex, trouble swallowing, hoarseness.

PICA