Scwk1710: Chapter 16

Front 1

North-South Divide

Back 1

The separation of the economic world, broadly speaking, along North-South lines, with the countries of the mostly northern First World awash in relative affluence and those of the mostly Third World, in abject poverty.

Front 2

Third World

Back 2

The developing countries of Central and South America, Africa, and Asia. Also referred to as the global south or the developing world.

Front 3

Human Rights

Back 3

Those rights that are inherent in our nature and without which we cannot live as human beings; based on the recognition of individual political, civil, and collective cultural, social, and economic rights.

Front 4

Social Welfare Model

Back 4

In the international context, this more conventional social welfare model is based on the notion that basic social welfare services should be developed in all countries to meet basic human needs. Social workers following this model of international practice are mainly concerned with the satisfaction of basic social and material needs of people (p.e., minimal standards of living, access to at least basic health, education, and other essential social services.)

Front 5

New World Order Model

Back 5

This approach to international social work argues that the present world order is not democratic, but controlled by a relatively small number of wealthy countries that manipulate the international system to their own advantage. Those who practice with this approach in mind are oriented more towards a fundamental rebuilding of the global cultural, social, political, and economic structures.

Front 6

Social Development Model

Back 6

In the international context, social workers who hold to this approach seek primarily to address the immediate causes of human degradation, powerlessness, and social inequality and to guide collective action towards the elimination of all forms of oppression, injustice, and violence. They are concerned with the fuller participation of people at all levels of the political and economic systems of their countries and with fostering social, political, and economic systems that are more human, inclusive and participatory.

Front 7

Cultural Competence

Back 7

The ability to acknowledge different perceptions and experiences and incorporate these into practice applications. In other words, the worker must take this knowledge of the "other " culture and combine it with an analysis of how his or her own culture affects social work interventions.

Front 8

Negative Rights

Back 8

Civil and political rights that ensure the protection of basic human rights, as set forth in Articles 2-21 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

Front 9

Positive Rights

Back 9

Economic, social, and cultural rights that ensure justice, freedom, and social participation, as set forth in Articles 22-27 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

Front 10

Collective Rights

Back 10

Rights ensuring equitable participation by everyone in a society in the production and distribution of wealth and resources; set forth in Articles 22-27 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

Front 11

Sustainable Development

Back 11

Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs, usually referring to environmental sustainability, but also includes notions of human resources.

Front 12

Human Development Report (HDR)

Back 12

An independent report commissioned by the United Nations Development Programme that assesses the level of long-term well-being of people by nations, specifically those in the developing world.

Front 13

Human Development Index (HDI)

Back 13

The indicator of human development used by the United Nations Development Programme in the Human Development Report (HDR). This index involves other dimensions besides income in measuring human well-being, emphasizing that people and their capabilities should be the ultimate criteria for assessing the development of a country.

Front 14

Electronic Advocacy

Back 14

The process of using communication and information technologies to disseminate information and mobilize support from a large constituency to help influence decision-making processes.

Front 15

Digital Divide

Back 15

A divide between "have" and "have not" populations based on a lack of access to computers, the Internet, and advanced communications technology.

Front 16

Participatory Action Research (PAR)

Back 16

A type of community work that involves members in a research process comprised of education, investigation, and action directed at changing the structures that promote inequality and the structures that produce knowledge that perpetuates the current power structures.