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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
What is an EAP?
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Emergency Action Plan
Written and structured -How to coordinate with EMS -Equipment and transportation -Reviwed annually |
includes what.. what do you need in an emergency?
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Core component of the EAP?
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1. Establish efficienct communication system
2. Training of first responders in CPR and AED 3. Acquire neccessary equipment (may be different dependin gon sport) 4. Provide coordinated, written response plan 5. Access to early defibrillation |
Arnheims added:
1. Have separate plans for diff venues 2. Determine who will be on the field and that they know what their role is 3. How to remove protective equipment 4. Someone designated to call 911 5. Keys/gates and padlocks accessible easily 6. Annual reminder and PRACTICE to coaches, parents of the EAP 7. ASsign who is going to the hospital with kid 8. Carry consent forms and medical history info from PPE |
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Emergency equipment that should be centrally located
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barrier shields for berathing
gloves AED scissors Towels Razor Paper and pen |
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Key timelines that should be reviewed AT LEAST annually
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1. Injury/collapse to EMS activation
2. Initiation of CPR 3. First AED shock 4. Arrival and assessment of EMS |
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3 components of assessment
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1. Primary: safety, ABCs, severe bleeding (15 to 30 seconds)
2. Secondary: Neuro and MSK assessment 3. Ongoing: change in physical/mental status |
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Rescue breathign ratio
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1 breath every 5 seconds (adult)
1 every 3 (child/infant) |
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Components of secondary assessment
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1. DOTS (deformity, open injury, tenderness, swelling) - assessment of trauama
2. SAMPLE (symptoms, allergeis, meds, PMHx, Last oral intake, events leading up) - assessment of medical conditiosn |
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When should internal bleeding be suspected?
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Blunt trauma
Bruising Swollen/hard abdomen, cool, pale, moist bluish skin N/V, extreme thirst _ice area |
Arnheim added: incontinence, shallow respiration, decreased BP
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Concerns if athlete desribes blutterd visions, floaters, curtain-like darkness, or sa sense of wearing blinders
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Detached retina
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Quadrant organs: upper right
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Liver, pancreas, kideney, ,lungs, ribs
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Quadrant organs: upper left
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Spleen, heart, kidney, lungs, ribs
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Quadrant organs: lower left:
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Ureter, bladder, colon, gonads, pelvis
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Quadrant orangs: lower right
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appendix, ureter, bladder, colon, gonads, pelvis
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remove footwear if fracutre to ankle?
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NO
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How to splitn fractured rib?
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Soft splint, pillow or towel hugged to the side
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How does a fractured femur appear?
Splint? |
leg is short, quad spasm'd and externally rotated
Traction splint |
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Classic sign of dislocated hip?
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hip flexed, IR, adn adducted in posterior dislocations
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Immobilization for suspected pelvic fracture?
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Vacuum splint or scoop stretcher
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Most common blood borne pathogens in athletics?
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Hep B - most stable than
HIV |
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Type of disinfectant to use if exposed to bodily fluids?
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10:1 bleach:water
Any bottle "approve by the EPA" OSHA regulates this |
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How does the body respond to volume (blood) loss?
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Shunting of blood from periphery
Inc HR Inc RR Inc RBC production Inc clotting efforts Fluid reabsorbed into Blood stream |
physiologically
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When should direct pressure to bleeding be avoided?
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Suspected head injury who is bleeding from ear, mouth, nose due to skull fracture risk
-OPEN bleeding fracture -instead, apply loose bandages around head |
what should you do instead
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When should you not elevate legs when an athlete is in shock?
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head injury
unstable fracture only do it 8-12 inches |
How much do you elevate?
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how do you determine level of consciousness when responding to an injury on the field?
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GCS
Respond spontaneously (eye opening), verbal stimuli, painful stimuli? Is athlete alert? |
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What is a greenstick fracture?
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complete fracture of the cortex on the convex (tension) side
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How to control bleeding in an oppen fracture?
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pressure point
sterile bandages around wound |
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When to use a traction splint?
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Suspected femur fracture
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Most common fractures of the hand?
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phalanges
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Proper management for mallet (jersey) finger?
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distal phalange
Splinted in extension for 8 weeks When splint is change, ext at DIP should be maintained passively Extension splinting during athletic participation should continue for an additional six to eight weeks |
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Why are we more worried about distal fractures in the fingers?
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Moore unstable bc anatomically the flexor and extensor tendons are unopposed by the pulley system
Difficult to identify with xrays Digits should all point to the scaphoid tubercle when making a full fista nd the nailbeds hsould line up in a hlaf first position |
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Arnheims: do you need consent from a parent?
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If they are there, yes
If not, it is implied |
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Arnheims: What are considered 'life-threatning' conditions?
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Airway obstruction
No breathing No circulation Profuse bleeding Shock |
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Arnheims: should you flip over a prone injured athlete?
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If breathing, no
If not breathing need to log roll while supporting cervical spine |
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Arnheims: When should helmet be removed?
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1. Head is not secure
2) airway can’t be controlled, 3) facemask can’t be removed in reasonable amount of time, 4)helmet prevents immobilization |
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Arnheims: Three types of cutting devices for facemask?
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1. Anvil Pruner
2. Trainers Angel 3. FM extractor |
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Arnheims: how to do first aid for unconscious choker
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Lay on back
Attempt to ventile 5 abdominal compressions Finger sweep |
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Arnheims: 2 scales to assess consciousness other than GCS
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AVPU: alert, verbal, pain, unresponsive
ACDU: alert, confused, drowsy, unresponsive |
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Arnheims: "vital signs" to assess in secondary survey
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LOV
Pusle RR BP Temp Skin color Pupils Movement Abnormal nerve response |
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Arnheims: What to look for when examining pupils
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Size (but not as important)
Accomodation most important Both dilated: worry about shock, heatstroke, hemorrhage, stimulant drug |
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Arnheims: fractures of the hip, knee, or thigh requires one?
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Immobilization of the whole LE, including half of the pelvis
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Arnheim: how to stabilize c-spine in water?
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head-chin support where lifeguard uses two forearms
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What should you do if you suspect a hematoma? position-wise...
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30 to 45 degree elevation
Don't raise legs |
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Five core components of EAP?
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Communications
Training in CPR Proper equipment Written AEP Early access to AED |
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Key components of EAP?
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Coordinating EMS
Equipment, communication, transportation Reveiwed annually |
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Steps after injury for pt
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1. scene survey
2. general impression 3. mental status 4. ABCs |
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Mental checklist for PT going out on field
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1. LOC
2. MOI 3. Equipment needed 4. Transportation 5. Type of additional care needed |
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Common SCI spors?
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Football
gymnastics rugby skiing ice hockey diving swimming |
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How to describe breathing efforts?
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Normal, noisy, shallowed, labored
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Long QT syndrome
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inheritied rhythm disorder causing fast, chaotic heart beats
SA node issue |
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s/s of respiratory distress
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Anxiety
GAstping and grunting fast/slow breathing shallow/deep breathing noisy/painful breathing dizzy sob blue hue |
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