Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Which of the 5 styles to use?
Determined by a number of aspects: |
Decision to be made
Assumptions made about the followers Context in which the decision is being made |
|
Which of the 5 styles to use?
How important...? |
Is the technical quality of decision?
Important is follower commitment to decision? Structured is the problem I face? Likely is it that followers will accept decision - if I make alone? |
|
Which of the 5 styles to use?
Do followers...? |
Share my (the organization's) goal
Have sufficient information to make good decisions? Is there conflict among follower about the BEST decision? |
|
Rationality in Judgment ~ Bounded Rationality
|
Even if decision makers wanted to be rational
they are incapable due to time constraints Uncertainty Personal Preferences and Insufficient information |
|
Rational in Judgment - Satisfying
|
choosing the "good enough" versus the "best"
|
|
Heuristic in Judgment
|
Because of bounded rationality and satisfiable,
people simplify information during decision making. These simplification tools are called heuristics. |
|
The Major Heuristics ~ Availability
|
People asses frequencies probabilities, and causality of outcome based on how many examples related to the issue are readily available in memory
|
|
The Major Heuristics ~ readily available in memory:
|
Successes remember more than failures
Vivid emotional events well remembered Objective frequency is, however, not always equal to availability |
|
Major Heuristics - Representativeness
|
How well doe a new problem, situation or event fit with an existing mental category that we already have
We try to match new information to existing categories |
|
The Major Heuristics ~ Anchoring
|
We begin any new quest with a starting point or initial value
these starting points influence our interpretations |
|
Organizational Culture ~ Culture Defined
|
Totality of socially transmitted behavior patterns, arts, beliefs, institutions and other products of human work and thought characteristic of a community
|
|
Organizational Culture - 2 levels
|
Values shared by members
Behavior patterns or style that EEs are encouraged to follow |
|
Cultures can vary from weak to strong. Strong cultures...
|
are more resistant to change
have more predicable effects on people. |
|
Refreezing
|
New comfort zone
Block paths of retreat - Response tendency hierarchies Congruence with organizational structure, culture and process Rewards |