Scientific Inquiry Ch.1

Front 1

Observation

Back 1

use of one or more of the senses- sight, hearing, touch, smell, and sometimes taste- to gather information

Front 2

Data

Back 2

information gathered by observations

Front 3

Hypothesis

Back 3

the researcher's expectation of the experiment based on some background research or observation

Front 4

Inference

Back 4

a conclusion that is drawn off of an observation

Front 5

Conclusion

Back 5

a set of collected results from the experiment and drawn from the data

Front 6

Dependent Variable (responding variable)

Back 6

factor in an experiment that a scientist wants to observe, which may change because of the manipulated variable

Front 7

Independent Variable (manipulated variable)

Back 7

factor in an experiment that a scientist purposely changes

Front 8

Controlled Variable

Back 8

factor in an experiment that a scientist purposely keeps the same

Front 9

Controlled Experiment

Back 9

a test of the effect of a single variable by changing it while keeping all other variables the same

Front 10

Placebo

Back 10

used when the experiment has a treatment as the dependent variable. only one group (experimental) will receive the treatment, the control group will receive the placebo. often it is a sugar pill disguised as the same pill the treatment group takes. it minimized the amount of variables in the experimental design.

Front 11

Peer Review

Back 11

when scientists ask colleagues to review their work, in case of errors, after they make a conclusion

Front 12

Theory

Back 12

well-tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations

Front 13

Spontaneous Generation

Back 13

the theory that matter can be generated from a nonliving object

Front 14

Compound Light Microscope

Back 14

microscope that allows light to pass through a specimen and uses two lenses to form an image

Front 15

Electron Microscope

Back 15

microscope that forms an image by focusing beams of electrons onto a specimen

Front 16

Dissecting Microscope

Back 16

a low magnification microscope used especially for examining or dissecting biological specimens

Front 17

Diaphragm of the microscope

Back 17

adjusts the amount of light reaching the specimen

Front 18

Fine Adjustment

Back 18

used to fine tune the focus of a specimen under a microscope

Front 19

Coarse Adjustment

Back 19

used to focus on the specimen under a microscope by moving the body of the microscope down

Front 20

How to calculate total magnification

Back 20

multiply the magnification of the eyepiece (10x) by the magnification of the lens you are using