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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Atom |
the smallest particle of an element that has the properties of that element |
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Atomic Mass |
the weighted average of the masses of all the isotopes of an element |
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Atomic Model |
a model of an atom |
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Atomic Number |
the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
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Atomic Theory |
an explanation of how and why atoms behave the way they do |
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Carbon Cycle |
the circulation of carbon throughout an ecosystem |
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Cellular Respiration |
a process that occurs in the cells of living organisms during which carbon-based molecules are broken down to release energy and carbon dioxide is produced as a waste product |
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Chemical Bond |
the attractive force that holds atoms together based on shared electrons |
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Chemical Change |
a change in matter that produces one or more new substances |
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Chemical Formula |
symbols that show the elements in a compound and the ratio of atoms |
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Chemical Reaction |
a process during which chemical bonds are broken and/or formed as one or more substances are changed into one or more new substances |
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Chemical Symbol |
a one- or two-letter representation of an element |
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Covalent Bond |
a chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons |
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Electron |
a tiny, negatively charged particle that moves around the outside of the nucleus of an atom |
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Electron Dot Diagram |
a diagram of an atom in which valence electrons are represented by dots |
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Element |
one type of atom; all atoms of an element have the same atomic number |
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Endothermic Reaction |
a reaction that absorbs energy |
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Energy Level |
a region of an atom in which electrons of the same energy are likely to be found |
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Exothermic Reaction |
a reaction that releases energy, usually in the form of heat |
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Fossil Fuel |
combustible, organic matter resulting from the remains of living organisms |
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Group |
elements in the same vertical column of the periodic table; also called a family |
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Ion |
an atom or group of atoms that has become electrically charged due to an unequal number of protons and electrons |
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Ionic bond |
the attraction between oppositely charged ions |
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Ionic Compound |
a compound that consists of positive and negative ions |
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Isotope |
a variation of an element characterized by a different number of neutrons |
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Law of Conservation of Mass |
the principle that the total amount of mass is neither created nor destroyed during any chemical or physical change |
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Mass Number |
the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom |
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Molecular Compound |
a compound that is composed of molecules |
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Molecule |
a neutral group of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds |
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Neutron |
a small particle in the nucleus of the atom with no electrical charge |
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Nucleus |
the central core of an atom that contains protons and neutrons |
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Period |
a horizontal row of elements in the periodic table |
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Periodic Table |
an arrangement of the elements showing the repeating pattern of their properties |
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Photosynthesis |
the process in which carbon dioxide and water are changed into carbohydrates (sugars) and oxygen |
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Product |
a substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction |
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Protons |
small, positively charged particles that are found in the nucleus of an atom |
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Reactant |
a substance that enters into a chemical reaction |
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Valence Electron |
the electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom that are involved in chemical bonding |
