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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the major parts and function of a compound light microscope?
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Eyepiece- contains the ocular lens
Nosepiece- holds high and low power objective lenses, can be rotated to change magnification. Objective lenses- Magnification ranges from 10 X to 40. Stage Clips- supports the slide being viewed. Light source- projects light upwards. Arm- used to support the microscope when being held. Coarse adjustment knob- Moves the stage up and down for focusing. Fine Adjustment Knob- Moves the stage slightly to sharpen the image. Diaphragm- regulates amount of light on the specimen Base- supports the microscope |
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Can you calculate total magnification?
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400x
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What is the correct order(steps) in the scientific method?
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Make observations
Research Form a Hypothesis Test hypothesis Make a conclusion |
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What organelles are present in a plant cell and not in an animal cell(vice versa)? Give the function of the various cell organelles(i.e. nucleus, golgi, mitochondria, E.R., ribosomes…
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Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts.
Cell Wall- Keeps plant cell enclosed and protects it. Chloroplasts- A plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place. |
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Give the function of the various cell organelles(i.e. nucleus, golgi, mitochondria, E.R., ribosomes?
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nucleus- control center of a cell.
golgi apparatus- membrane-bound structure with a single membrane. mitochondria- An organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur. endoplasmic reticulum- The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle of cells in eukaryotic organisms that forms an interconnected network of tubules, vesicles, and cisternae. Ribosomes- A minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins, found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells. |
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What is the difference between a hypothesis and a prediction?
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A hypothesis is an assumption about the nature of something. It's based on facts or experimentation.
A prediction is a guess about an outcome. |
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What are the three parts to the cell theory?
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The Cell Theory
1. Every living organism is made of one or more cellss. 2. The cell is the basic unit of structure and function. It is the smallest unit that can perform life functions. 3. All cells arise from pre-existing cells. |
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What did Hooke and Leeuwenhoek observe about cells?
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hooke was the first person to see cells and box like cells.
leeuwenhoek observed cells in water. |
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What is the difference between an element and a compound?
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An element is an atom or molecule made of a single type of atom.
A compound is a molecule made of two or more different elements. |
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Why are enzymes important? What type of biochemical is an enzyme?
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no biological activity can take place with out them.
enzymes are protein |
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Sugar molecules can combine to form ______ ?
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Polysaccharides
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What are the differences between diffusion and osmosis?
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diffusion deals with the movement of materials from hi to low concentration
osmosis is the diffusion of WATER thru a semi permeable membrane |
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what is the difference between active and passive transport?
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Active transport requires energy, passive transport does not.
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How does magnification work in a compound light microscope? electron microscope?
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light microscope-
The magnification produced by a compound microscope is the product of the magnification of the objective and the magnification of the eyepiece. electron microscope- the electron beam makes the image large. |
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How would you classify the following into these groups: DNA, enzyme, fat, sugar?
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DNA is heredity materials and is in all humans and almost all other organisms.
Enzymes are protein molecules. Fat is glucose. Sugar is carbohydrates. |
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What is the cell theory?
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The idea that there is basic units of structure in living things.
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Cells are basic units of __ and ___.
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structure and function
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You are looking at the inside of a cell. Explain how you can tell whether the cell belongs to an animal or plant.
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Animal cells are round, plant cells are box like and have a cell wall.
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Describe the two methods of active transport.
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A) Active transport through special transport proteins in the plasma membrane. ATP causes these proteins to change shapes and move materials from low to high concentration.
B) Bulk transport - moving large particles through the membrane by endocytosis or exocytosis. |
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What are the reactants(raw materials) and products of photosynthesis?
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6 H2O + 6 CO2 ---> C6H12O6 + 6 O2
Water + Carbon Dioxide yield Glucose + Oxygen |
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What are the reactants (raw materials) and products of cellular respiration?
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The reactants are the materials needed for the process: glucose and oxygen.
The products are the materials produced during the process: carbon dioxide and water. |
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Are photosynthesis and respiration opposite processes?
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Photosynthesis involves plants. Plants absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen in the reverse of most animals and insects.
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How does photosynthesis benefit heterotrophs?
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it makes food that they can eat.
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What happens during respiration?
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Glucose is broken down, releasing energy.
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What is the difference between lactic acid fermentation and alcohol fermentation?
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Both occur anaerobically. Lactic acid fermentation would occur in muscle and ethanol fermentation would occur by yeast. The end products are different of course as one produces lactic acid and the other ethanol.
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Why do animals still depend on the sun for energy even though they are not autotrophs?
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they turn energy into food.
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Where does carbon dioxide enter the plant?(part of the leaf)
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stomate
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During which exercise activities does aerobic cellular respiration occur? lactic acid fermentation occur?
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push ups and sit ups
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What forms around the chromatids during mitosis?
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two new chromatids, two new nuclei, 2 new dna molecules, and 2 new cells
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What is cytokinesis?
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The cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells.
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centromere
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The point on a chromosome by which it is attached to a spindle fiber during cell division.
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chromatid
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Each of the two threadlike strands into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division. Each contains a double helix of DNA.
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chromosome
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A threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells
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