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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Characteristics that all minerals share (5)
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inorganic-not living thing
solid formed by natural processes definite chemical composition - an element or a compound atoms arranged in repeating crystal patterns |
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How minerals form
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magma or lava cools and solidifies
water evaporates from a mineral water solution atoms arranged in repeating crystal patterns |
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mineral groups
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groups are classified by chemical composition - the elections in the compound
silicates are the most common group of minerals in earth’s crust. They contain silicon and oxygen |
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Most common elements in earth’s crust
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oxygen
silicon aluminium |
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Physical properties used to identify minerals (8)
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streak-powerdered mineral on a streak plate
hardness-scratch test - Mohs hardness scale luster - how a mineral reflects light cleavage or fracture - how a mineral breaks color refracts (bends) light to double letters like calcite magnetic specific gravity - same as density |
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chemical properties used to identify minerals
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fizzes in hydrochloric acid
Some minerals containing iron rust - oxidation |
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Uses of minerals
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Gems - rare minerals with beautiful color a luster
diamond, corundum - ruby and sapphire ores - minerals that can be mined at a profit hematite is an ore of iron bauxite is an ore of aluminum |
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Define: mineral
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a naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a definite chemical composition and an orderly arrangement of atoms.
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Define: crystal
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a solid in which the atoms are arranged in orderly, repeating patterns.
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Define: magma
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hot melting rock which cools when it reachers Earth’s surface or even if it’s trapper below the surface.
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silicate
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minerals that contain silicon and oxygen and usually one or more other elements.
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