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10 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
What are the 6 main soil types?

SANDY: limestone, granite, quartz and shale


SILTY: Contains quartz


PEATY: Mostly organic matter, acidic


CLAY: sedimentary rocks


CHALKY: Low quality/often infertile


LOAMY: sand, silt and clay



What is Salinity?
Salinity is when the water table rises and absorb all the natural salts in the ground resulting in all the water to be salty. This kills the plants in the effected area firstly, the plant can't take up water through roots that contain salt so the plant dies through lack of water or secondly, the salt in the plant remains there destroying the cells structure which kills the plant.
What are Fungi?

Fungi are strange organisms. Neither plant nor animal but both these


fun guys :) can cure or cause infections, can be poisonous or edible and big or microscopic. They can grow in air, soil and water and do not need sunlight to grow but the grow best in warm, damp conditions.

Fungi get food from either dead organic matter or as living as a parasite on living flesh. When eating they produce enzymes that break down the matter and release nutrients back into the soil.
What is Fermentation and Respiration?

Respiration is when air, yeast and sugar are put together and carbon dioxide is made.


( Air + Yeast + Sugar = Carbon Dioxide (CO2))




Fermentation is when yeast and sugar are put together with little or no air and alcohol and carbon dioxide is made.


( Yeast + Sugar - Air = Alcohol and CO2)



What is Mould?

Mould is a type of fungus. They small micro organisms so we can only see the with the naked eye when multiplied.Usually seen growing on objects surfaces in a fluffy down appearance. The brighter the mould the more toxic.
The help break down dead plants and animal matter and recycle back its nutrients for other users. Mould spreads by mould spores that float in the air. These come from the visible mould growth. These spores stay alive for a long time and when the conditions are right the start to grow.
What is penicillin?
Substances that prevent the growth of bacteria are called antibiotics. Many different micro-organisms prevent different infections. The first antibiotic was penicillin. 1928 Dr A.Fleming discovered that mould had covered a dish of bacteria he was studying. Where this mould was the bacteria could not grow. He could not figure out why so he moved on.Then in 1939 Dr H.Florey and his team started
looking on the substance. In 1940 they did an experiment with mice and the result was positive. He then started testing on humans. The first experiment was on an adult but sadly because they didn't have enough penicillin he died but when he was getting enough he showed signs of recovery. They then swapped to children because they didn't need as much antibiotic.
Because of WWII Florey had to move his discovery to the united states. In late 1943 his team had found a way to mass produce penicillin. This medicine now came available to solders who had fatal infections. After WWII it was open to the public and these who received penicillin were saved.
What is animalcules?
Anton van Leeuwenhoek was a businessmen whose speciality was cloth. He would look closely at all the fibres. Eventually he started making his on lenses that could magnify 300 times. He studied everything; sting of a bee, blood, sliced up plant and a drop water.
He discovered little creatures swimming in the water and soon discovered them everywhere. He was the first person to discover microscopic animals and called them animalcules.He then wrote to the Royal Society of London and at first he wasn't believed but then an observer from RSL was sent to have a look. .
The report was good and soon royals were travelling far to come and have a look for themselves. 10 years later he was a member of the RSL and continued to discover things with his microscope