Science Test 10/6/11

Front 1

Carolus Linnaeus

Back 1

developed the classification of scientific naming

Front 2

Botany

Back 2

someone who studies plants

Front 3

Binomial Nomenclature

Back 3

the classification system of organisms

Front 4

Taxonomy

Back 4

the science of naming and classifying animals

Front 5

Classification

Back 5

the process of arranging organisms into groups

Front 6

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek

Back 6

1st to describe cells

Front 7

Robert Hooke

Back 7

1st person to name cells

Front 8

Domain

Back 8

the kingdoms in 3 different domains based on cell types

Front 9

Classification Hierarchy

Back 9

- Domain
- Kingdom
- Phylum
- Class
- Order
- Family
- Genus
- Species

Front 10

Matthias Schleiden

Back 10

discovered that plants are made of cells

Front 11

Theodor Schwann

Back 11

discovered that animals were made of cells

Front 12

Rudolph Virchow

Back 12

discovered all living things come from other cells

Front 13

Cell Theory

Back 13

- all living things are made of cells
- all cells arise from other living cells
- all cells are from a common origin

Front 14

Cells

Back 14

the things that keep organisms alive

Front 15

Prokaryotic

Back 15

cells without nucleuses, spherical and rod-like, unicellular, Eubacteria and Archea

Front 16

Eukaryotic

Back 16

10x larger than prokaryotic, Animals, Plants, Fungi, and Protists

Front 17

Plasmid

Back 17

a circular loop containing genetic information in Prokaryotic cells

Front 18

Capsule

Back 18

protects the bacteria cell

Front 19

Cell Wall

Back 19

tough rigid outer covering that protects and maintains the overall shape of the cell

Front 20

Plasma Membrane

Back 20

protective outer covering of all cells except animal that is made up of a double layer of fat-like molecules and regulates the interaction between the cell and the environment

Front 21

Ribosomes

Back 21

small structure on which cells make their own proteins

Front 22

Nucleiod

Back 22

the DNA containing area of a eukaryotic cell

Front 23

Pili

Back 23

these are hollow, hairlike structures made of protein that allow bacteria to attach to other cells

Front 24

Flagella

Back 24

this is a long appendage used for mobility

Front 25

DNA

Back 25

genetic materials of all organisms

DE-OXY-RIBO-NUCLEIC-ACID

Front 26

Cytoplasm

Back 26

a constantly moving, gel-like mixture inside the cell membrane that contains heredity material

Front 27

Organelle

Back 27

a structure in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell that can act as a storage site, process energy, move material, or manufacture substances

Front 28

Nucleus

Back 28

directs all cell activities
essential to the cells functions

Front 29

Nucleolus

Back 29

a spherical body of the nucleus of most eukaryotes.
It becomes enlarged during photosynthesis

Front 30

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Back 30

a system of interconnected membranes that extend from the nucleus to the cell membrane

Front 31

Centriole

Back 31

on of a pair of cell organelles that occur especially in animals.
Next to the nucleus
the form spindle fibers

Front 32

Peroxisomes

Back 32

a cytoplasm cell organelle
contains enzymes
act in the production and decomposition of hydrogen peroxide

Front 33

Golgi Apparatus

Back 33

the place where proteins go after they have been made
they consist of stacked, flattened membranes that sort proteins and others and package them into structures called vesicles

Front 34

Cytoplasm

Back 34

the network of protein filaments and microtubes in the cytoplasm that controls cells shape

Front 35

Mitochondria

Back 35

releases energy from breaking down food in carbon dioxide and water
it releases the energy for use by the cell

Front 36

Lysosomes

Back 36

a sac-like cell organelle that contains various enzymes that help break down food molecules, cell wastes, and worn-out cell parts

Front 37

Vacuole

Back 37

a cavity or vesicle in the cytoplasm of a cell usually containing fluid

Front 38

Chloroplasts

Back 38

in plant cells, contains chlorophyll,
is the sight of photosynthesis