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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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breathing
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oxygen enters the body and carbon dioxide moves out of our body |
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inhalation
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chest cavity expands diaphragm contacts and moves down chest cavity volume increases chest cavity pressure decreases |
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exhalation
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chest cavity contracts diaphragm relaxes and moves up chest cavity volume decreases chest cavity pressure increases. |
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respiration
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process where the cells make energy, water, and carbon dioxide from glucose and oxygen
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breathing vs. respiration
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breathing is 2 parts: inhalation and exhalation this occurs in your lungs. Respiration is using glucose and oxygen to make energy, carbon dioxide, and water. this occurs in the mitochondria part of the cell. |
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respiratory system structure
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The respiratory system consists of the upper and lower respiratory system
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upper respiratory system
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nose pharynx |
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lower respiratory system
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larynx trachea bronchi lungs |
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nose
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3 functions: warming moistening filtering air |
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pharynx
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pharynx(throat) serves these functions passageway for air and food resonating chamber for speech sounds house tonsils- participate in immune reactions where the oral and nasal cavities meet |
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larynx
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larynx (voice box) contains vocal cords which produce sound contains epiglottis covers glottis during swallowing to prevent food from entering trachea |
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trachea
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above the esophagus cartilage C-rings provide support prevents tracheal walls collapsing during inhalation |
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lungs
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2 distinct compartments, left and right side
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right lung
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3 lobes |
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left lung
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2 lobes |
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bronchi |
divide to form secondary (lobar) bronchi |
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alveoli |
cup-shaped out pouching lined by capillaries air sacs where gas exchange oxygen enters the alveoli carbon dioxide leaves the alveoli and enters the lungs then escapes the body through the nose |
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chronic bronchitis
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a persisting condition where bronchial tubes are irritated and too much mucus is produced results from smoking often cough to clear the mucus from the airway. This makes it worse build up of tar and scar tissue impairs lungs ability to function. |
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emphysema |
results from smoking bronchi became inflamed, and alveolus elasticity |
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lung cancer
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carcinogens- anything in the environment that can cause cancer |
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apoptosis |
programmed cell death |
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asthma
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excretory system |
gets rid of waste products |
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Urinary system parts
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ureter urinary bladder urethra |
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functions of the urinary system
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eliminates waste products from the body and helps regulate the body's water and chemical balance |
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kidney |
major excretory system organ each contains 1 million nephrons |
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nephron
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filters units of kidney waste products sends to the bladder though the ureter |
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ureter
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urine is produced in the kidneys and trickles down 24 hours a day through 2 ten to 12 inch long tubes called the ureter |
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bladder
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the bladder is a muscular sac that stores the urine |
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urinary bladder
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stores urine until it is ready to be expelled |
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urethra |
the tube through which the urine flows out of the body is called the urethra. |
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kidney stone
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a hard mass developed from crystals that separate from the urine and build up on the inner surfaces of the kidney.
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cause of kidney stones |
certain foods may promote stone formation in people who are susceptible |
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kidney dialysis
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Blood is by an outside machine and then returned into the body |
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