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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Skeletal system
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A living system made of bones, cartilage and the structures that connect them and connective tissue
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Name the six functions of bones
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1. protection/shield organs
2. Keep organs in place 3. storage of calicium/fat 4. Movement with muscles 5. Blood cell formation 6. Shape and support |
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Name some of the bones that protect internal organs
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ribs -- protect heart and lung
cranium -- protects brain vertebrae -- protects spinal cord |
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What kinds of things do bones store?
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calcium and phosphorous -- stored in bones until needed by nerves/muscles
fat stored for energy in yellow marrow |
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what is red marrow?
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red and white blood cells
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What is cartilage?
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flexible connective tissue
found between vertebrae and joints/nose and ears |
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How do bones start to form?
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It starts with cartilage
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How many bones do babies have?
How many bones do adults have? Why? |
babies have 300 soft bones
adults have 206 Because some bones fuse together |
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What is ossification?
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Process of minerals collecting in bone hardening; allows growth and also childbirth
Bones are allive; they grow and repair |
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At what age does bone fusion usually finish?
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by the early 20s
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POSMBS
Put Out Some More Brownies Sunshine |
P --Protect O- Organs in place
S -- Storage M-Movement B -- Blood cel formation S- Shape and Support |
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Are bones alive?
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Yes, bones are made of living tissue that changes and grows
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What are bones made of?
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25% water as well as calcium
Phosphorous, Living tissue, blood vessels |
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What is the name of the outside layer of bones?
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Periosteum
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What is the periosteum?
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The outside ayer of bones, packed with blood vessels, protects and repairs bone injuries
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What is the compact bone?
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Oxygen and food is supplied by the periosteum; hard shell, under the periosteum, made mostly of minerals
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Haversian canals
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These run through the compact bone, contain nerves and bood vessels that bring food and Oxygen to bone cell
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Nerve fibers
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send distress messages to periosteum if the compact bone is injuried.
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spongy bone
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lots of holes, like a sponge, holes filled with cells and fluid, strong
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marrow
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jelly like material that fills spaces in bones; yellow marrow in long bone, red marrow in spongy bone
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What are the different layers of bones?
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Periosteum
compact bone haversian canals nerve fibers spongy bone marrow |
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What are the four categories of bones?
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Long, flat, short and irregular
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Osteoblast
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form new tissue which hardens into bone
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Osteoclast
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breaks down bone tissue to release calcium and phosphorous
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platelets
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keep you from losing too much blood when injured
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How are red blood cells made?
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By the bone marrow
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What is bone marrow?
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It fills the inside of the bone
yellow -- fat cell storage red -- blood cells |
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What is spongy bone?
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It's lightweight but extremely strong due to open spaces for support; absorbs shocks and jolts
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Where are the Haversian canals found?
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In compact bone
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What kind of bone is found in the shaft?
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compact bones
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What kind of bone is found in the knob?
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spongy bones
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What are long bones? Name some.
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Bones that are longer than they are wide. Femur, humerus, tibia, fibula
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What are flat bones? Name some.
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Smooth, flat strong bones
ribs and cranium |
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What are short bones? Name some
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bones that are short and wide and mostly spongy
carpals, tarsals, |
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What are irregular bones?
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Bones that are oddly shaped and dont' fit into other categories
-vertebrae, ear bones |
