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91 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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name the tissues and what they do.
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epithelial tissue- covers and protects, nervous tissue- sends messages, muscle tissue- produces movement, connective tissue- joins, supports, protects, insulates, nourishes organs; keeps organs from falling apart.
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What is the integumentary system?
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Your skin, hair, and nails protect the tissue beneath it
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What is the muscular system?
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Works with the skeletal system to help you move
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What is the skeletal system?
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Bones provide a frame to protect and support your body
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What is the cardiovascular system?
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Your heart pumps blood through all of your arteries
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What is the respiratory system?
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Your lungs absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide
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What is the urinary system?
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Removes waste from the blood and regulates your body's fluids
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What is the male reproductive system?
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Produces and delivers sperm
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What is the female reproductive system?
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Produces eggs and nourishes and protects the fetus
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What is the nervous system?
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Receives and sends electrical messages throughout the body
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What is the digestive system?
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Breaks down food you eat into nutrients the body can absorb
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What is the lymphatic system?
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Returns leaked fluids to blood vessels and helps get rid of bacteria and viruses
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What is the endocrine system?
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Glands send out chemical messages; Ovaries and testes are part of this system
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What two types of marrow are there and what do they do?
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Red and yellow; red produces red and white blood cells; yellow stores fat
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What is spongy bone? What is compact bone?
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Spongy bone is bone tissue that has many open spaces; it provides most of the strength and support for the bone; Compact bone has no bony spaces and is rigid and dense. It has tiny canals that hold blood vessels
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What are the four types of joints? Give an example for each.
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Gliding, ball-and-socket, hinge, and fixed joint; carpals, shoulder, knee, and skull
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What are joints joined by?
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ligaments
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Name the muscles and what they are.
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Skeletal muscle- allows bones to move, smooth muscle- moves food through the digestive system, and cardiac muscle- pumps blood around the body
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What are two layers inside the integumentary system?
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The dermis and epidermis
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What muscle can be both voluntary and involuntary?
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skeletal muscle
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Study pie heart.
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ladkjf
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What is the formula for photosynthesis ( write it down ) ?
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sunlight + H2O + CO2 + O2 + sugar
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What is the formula for cell respiration ( write it down ) ?
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O2 + sugar ( arrow ) ATP + heat + CO2
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Do bones have veins? If not, what do they have?
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No; they have capillaries
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What do growth plates do?
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Make bones longer
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What is melanin?
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A chemical that determines skin color and protects you from ultra violet light
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What are the functions of skin?
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Keeping water in, foreign particles out, helps you feel, makes sweat to cool you down, and helps get rid of waste
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What keeps water in your body?
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salt and oil
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What is shivering caused by?
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Burning sugar - so in order to shiver, all of your cells must go through cell respiration
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What does cardiovascular mean?
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Heart tubes
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What is the difference between veins and arteries?
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Veins - go to the heart, PV=good blood, V=bad blood, no pressure; Arteries - go away from the heart, PA=bad blood, A=good blood, and has pressure
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What is the difference between arteries and capillaries?
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Capillaries - thin walls so oxygen and carbon dioxide can easily pass through; Arteries - thick walls so blood doesn't leak out
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Do red blood cells have protein? If so, what is it called and what major mineral is in it?
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Yes; hemoglobin; iron
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What is blood made of?
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70% plasma - water, minerals, sugar, protein, lipids, and vitamins; cells - red/white blood cells and platelets
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How does iron carry plasma?
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In a concave form ( like a cup or a donut ) because the nucleus dies ( think of the donut )
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What is hardening of the arteries?
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atherosclerosis
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What is the difference between a heart attack and heart failure?
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Heart attack - heart muscle cells die and part is damaged; Heart failure - heart cannot pump enough blood
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What are the white blood cells and what do they do?
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Phagocyte - engulfs/eats bacteria, Killer T cells - immediately kill pathogens, B cells - tag pathogens with antibodies, groups, and slows them down
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What are the types of blood?
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A, AB, B, and O
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What is the universal blood donor?
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O
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What is the universal blood receiver?
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AB
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Are lungs wet?
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Yes because of diffusion
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What is squeezed through capillaries that go through and around cells?
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Fluids
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What is most fluid absorbed by? What is it reabsorbed by
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Capillaries of arteries; capillaries of veins
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Where do white blood cells mature?
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The thymus
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Where are white blood cells made?
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Marrow and spleen
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How long do red blood cells last?
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Five days
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What is dead red blood cells reused as?
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Protein in the digestive system
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What medicine thins out blood? So?
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Asprin, so don't take it before an opperation
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What does white pulp do? What does red pulp do?
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White - helps fight infection; Red - removes unwanted materials
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What warms up the air so your lungs don't freeze?
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Your nose
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What is the largest cell in the body?
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Neurons
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What are neurotransmitters? What is the space it crosses called?
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Chemical released as neuron messages are sent; space is a synapse
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What does pulmonary mean?
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Lung
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What is the pharynx?
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The throat
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What is the larynx?
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The vocal chords
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What is the trachea?
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The windpipe
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What are the bronchi?
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Tubes that connect the lungs with the trachea
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What are alveoli?
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Any of the tiny air sacs of the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged
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What does asprin do?
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thins blood and reduces platelet growth
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What kind of muscle is smooth muscle?
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involuntary muscle
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What is the main white blood cell?
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phagocyte
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What makes skin tough AND flexible?
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collagen
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What are nails and hair made of; it also makes skin tough?
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keratin
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How do you know if moles are cancer?
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They have color separation and get larger
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What might it mean if you saw a bag of hemoglobin?
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Blood cells
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What is the concave in iron for?
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Carrying oxygen
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What is the protein in red blood cells called?
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Hemoglobin
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What causes skin cancer from the sun?
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UV rays
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What is the best way to build muscle?
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Resistance exercise
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What will you find in the dermis?
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Oil glands, sweat glands, blood vessels ( capillaries ) , hair follicles, nerves, and fat
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What kind of tissue is blood?
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Connective tissue
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Note*
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All body parts=body ( right atrium )
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What fluid enters the lymphatic system and used to be intertissue fluid?
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Lymph
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What comes after the bronchi and before the alveoli?
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The bronchioles
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What are the antogens?
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A, B, AB, and O
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What are the O antibodies?
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AB
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Why do arteries have thick walls?
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To maintain blood pressure
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Where do we lose pressure?
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capillaries of arteries
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What are the two tubes with valves?
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Veins and lymph vessels
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What is the first step of war when the lymph enters the lymphatic system?
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Lymph nodes
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Where are red blood cells broken down?
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Spleen
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Why are capillaries close to the alveoli?
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So they can exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide easier; this is DIFFUSION!
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What is the health adult blood pressure?
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120/80
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What is the healthy blood pressure for you?
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110/70
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What are the two types of blood pressure?
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Top=systolic; bottom=diastolic
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What all does your nose do?
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Warms up air, moistens air, filters air, and smells air
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What comes after the larynx?
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Trachea
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What does skeletal muscle do to bone?
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Pulls it
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What are bones for?
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Protecting, strengthening, making blood cells, and allowing for movement
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What is the protein called that platelets release?
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Fibron
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