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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
angiosperms
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the scientific term for flowering plants which produce covered seeds
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gymnosperms
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nonflowering green plants which produce uncovered seeds
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True or False: botanists have classified flowering plants into families according to the structure of their leaves and stems
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false (according to the structure of their flowers and fruits)
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the largest family of flowering plants
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composite family
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head
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the many small flowers grouped together which make up a composite "flower"
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disk flowers
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tiny tubular flowers which make up the center of a composite flower's head
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ray flowers
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showy, petal-like flowers which are placed around the head of a composite flower
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common composite flowers
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asters, daisies, oxeye daisy, black-eyed Susan, and sunflowers
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How do you distinguish between a aster and a daisy?
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an aster has several flowers heads on its stem, but a daisy has only one
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How do you distinguish between a goldenrod and a ragweed?
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the leaves of the goldenrod are long and smooth-edged and those of the ragweed are deeply lobed and ragged
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ragweed
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a wind-pollinated, composite plant whose pollen causes allergic reactions in many people
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name some composite flowers which only have disk flowers
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bull thistle, tansies, ironweed
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name some composite flowers which only have ray flowers
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dandelion, chicory
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the second largest plant family
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the pea family
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True or False: the pea family produce fruit in a pod that splits along one side
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false (a pod that splits along two sides)
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True or False: legumes help to restore nitrogen to the soil in the nitrogen cycle
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true
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the members of the pea family
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legumes
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characteristics of the pea family
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> flowers which resemble the pea blossom
> a pod that splits along two sides > alternating, compound leaves |
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characteristics of the buttercup family, crowfoot family
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> cup-shaped blossoms
> 5 rounded petals > dry fruits > non-woody stems > leaves which are deeply divided into three main sections, giving them an appearance similar to a bird's foot (thus the name crowfoot) |
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characteristics of the rose family
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> cup-shaped blossoms
> flower parts in multiples of five > fleshy fruits > woody stems |
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characteristics of the mint family
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> stems are square and stout
> their flower clusters frequently form spikes > often have a pleasant odor |
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characteristics of the honeysuckle family
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> trumpet-shaped flowers
> fragrant smell |
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characteristics of the parsley family
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> flowers arranged in umbels
> used in foods and medicines |
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umbels
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from the Latin word "umbella" from which we get our word "umbrella"; an arrangement of flowers in which stems of nearly equal length emerge from a common point on the main stem
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Queen Anne's lace
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the common tall weed which is known for its beauty
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characteristics of the milkweed family
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> flowers arranged in umbels
> each flower has 5 nectar horns each consisting of a cuplike hood and a slender crest (horn); a petal hangs downward from each nectar horn > has milky sap > pods split open along one side |