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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the center section of the Interstate 35 W ___________ in north Minneapolis, Minnesota, suddenly gave way on August 1, 2007 |
bridge |
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the failure of the bridge was a surprise because the design and ___________ processes that bridges undergo are supposed to ensure that bridge failure do not happen |
engineering |
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in order fro investigators to determine why the bridge failed, they needed to use many parts of ? |
scientific inquiry |
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a type of scientific investigation that test how one factor affects another is called a ? |
controlled experiment |
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any factor in an experiment that can have more than one value is called ? |
variable |
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a factor in an experiment that is manipulated or changed by the investigator is called the ? |
independent variable |
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the factor a scientist observes or measure during an experiment |
dependant variable |
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all the factors in an experiment that do not change are |
constants |
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data that use words to describe what is observed in an experiment |
observations |
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the part of a controlled experiment used to study relationships among variables |
experimental observations |
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the group that contains the same factors as the experimental group, but the independent variable does not change is called the ? |
control group |
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the simplest type of bridge, called a ___________ has one horizontal beam across two supports |
beam |
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one disadvantage of beam bridges is that they ten to sag in the middle if they are to _____ |
long |
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a truss bridge is supported only at its two ends but is strengthened by an assembly of interconnected triangles or |
trusses |
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the I 35W bridge was __________ designed early in the 1960s |
truss bridge |
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the beams in the bridges deck and the triangular and vertical supports came together at structure known as ? |
gusset plates |
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the area where the truss structure connects to the roadway portion of the bridge gusset plate is called a ? |
node |
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evaluating why the collapse occurred was difficult because emergency worker unintentionally _________ the bridge |
damaged |
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investigators eventually recovered the entire structure and placed the various pieces in their relative original ? |
positions |
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investigators found more clues in a _________ from a motion activated security cameras |
video |
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investigators studied various questions to determine why the bridge ___________ or if a combination of factors caused the bridge to fail |
collapsed |
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a _________ is a force applied to a structure from the structure itself |
load |
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temporary loads to a structure such as traffic, wind gusts, or earthquakes are called _________ |
live load |
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___________ data uses words to describe what is observed |
qualitative |
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the use of numbers to describe what is observed is called |
Quantitative |
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after thorough modeling and analysis, investagators ruled out the idea that the bridge failed due to being _____________ |
overloaded |
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inspection of recovered _____ showed that some of the plates failed very early in the collapse |
parts |
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investigators could not determine if undersized plates were used because of a mistaken calculation or ________ |
mathmatical error |
