Science: Muscular System

Front 1

List two types of muscles in the body

Back 1

voluntary
involuntary

Front 2

Describe how the two muscle groups are controlled.

Back 2

Skeletal: Attached to the ends of bones and provide the force to move them.
Smooth: On the inside of internal organs.
Cardiac: Found in the heart; smooth muscle; involuntary; straited

Front 3

What are some of the actions controlled by involuntary muscles?

Back 3

breathing
digesting food

Front 4

What is a voluntary muscles

Back 4

muscles under your conscious control

Front 5

Describe involuntary muscles

Back 5

muscles not under your conscious control

Front 6

List some of the actions controlled by voluntary muscles.

Back 6

smiling
laughing
getting out of the chair
standing up
walking

Front 7

What are the three types of muscle tissue

Back 7

Skeletal
Smooth
Cardiac

Front 8

Where is the skeletal muscle located in the body.
Is it voluntary or involuntary?
Is it straited or not?

Back 8

--Attached to the bone of skeleton
--Voluntary
--Straited

Front 9

Where are smooth muscles located in the body.
Is it voluntary of involuntary?
Is it straited or not straited?

Back 9

_Smooth
-Involuntary
-Not straited

Front 10

Where is the cardiac muscles located in the body?
Is it voluntary or involuntary?
Is it stratied or not straited

Back 10

--Only in the heart
--involuntary
--straited

Front 11

A strong connective tissue that attaches muscles to bone is a(n)_______________.

Back 11

tendon

Front 12

True or False

Skeletal muscles react quickly and tire easily.

Back 12

True

Front 13

The repeated contractions of cardiac muscles are called_________________.

Back 13

heartbeats

Front 14

When do muscles contract or become shorter and thicker?

Back 14

..when they receivedmessages from the nervous system.

Front 15

True or false

Muscle cells can extend, orget longer as well as contract, or get shorter.

Back 15

false

Front 16

Why must skeletal muscles work in pairs to move a bone?

Back 16

--Muscle cells can only contract, not extend.
--Skeletal muscles must work in pairs.
--While one muscle contracts, the other muscle returns to its original length.

Front 17

To bend the elbow, the biceps muscles _________________ and the triceps muscle returns to its _________________.

Back 17

--contracts
--original length

Front 18

Why do skeletal muscles have to work in pairs?

Back 18

Muscles cells can only contract.
They do not extend. Therefore, as one muscle contracts, the other muscle in the pair returns to its oriignal length.

Front 19

How can you help prevent muscle injuries?

Back 19

--warming up before exercising
--using proper safety equipment.

Front 20

What types of action are controlled by smooth muscles?

Back 20

Smooth muscles contorl involuntary actions such as breathing and digestion.

Front 21

What type of muscle is smooth muscle?

Back 21

They are involuntary muscles.

Front 22

What types of actions are controlled by skeletal muscles?

Back 22

voluntary activities such as running, walking, swimming, and other voluntary movements.

Front 23

What type of muscle is skeletal muscle?

Back 23

voluntary muscles

Front 24

How is cardiac muscle similar to both smooth muscle and skeletal muscle?

Back 24

Cardiac is similar to smooth muscle because they are both are involuntary;
Cardiac is similar to skeletal because the muscles cells are straited.

Front 25

The skin has several important functions. List them.

Back 25

-barrier against disease-causing microorganisms and harmful substances and prevent lost of fluids
--maintain body temperature
--eliminate wastes
gathers information about the environment
--produce Vitamin D to absorb calcium

Front 26

True or False

The skin lets disease-causing microorganisms and harmful substances into the body.

Back 26

False

Front 27

True or False

The skin keeps water from escaping from the body.

Back 27

True

Front 28

The skin produces vitamin C.

Back 28

False

Front 29

The skin gathers information about the environment.

Back 29

True

Front 30

True or False

To cool the body, blood vesssels in teh skin enlarge to let more blood run through them to move body heatr to the outside.

Back 30

True

Front 31

Why are pain messages important to the body?

Back 31

They warn you that something in the surroundinsg may have injured you, like a cut on the finger.

Front 32

Skin cells produce _______________ in the presence of sunlight.

Back 32

Vitamin D

Front 33

The outer layer of the skin is the ____________________.

Back 33

epidermis

Front 34

True or False

Nerves and blood vessels run through the epidermis.

Back 34

false

Front 35

New cells that form deep in the epidermis gradually move upward to the surface of the skin, where after about _____________ the cells die.

Back 35

two weeks

Front 36

True or false

The layer of dead cells on the surface of the skin protects the body.

Back 36

true

Front 37

True or false

Melanin, a pigment that gives skin it color, protects the skin from burning in sunlight.

Back 37

true

Front 38

The inner layer of the skin is the ___________________.

Back 38

dermis.

Front 39

The dermis has:
a) hairs
b) bones
c) sweat glands
d) oil glands

Back 39

a, c, d

Front 40

Prespiration reaches the sufrace of the skin through openings called _______________.

Back 40

pores

Front 41

What are follicles?

Back 41

Structures in which strands of hair grow within the dermis.

Front 42

How do you keep your skin healthy?

Back 42

healty diet,
limiting sun exposure,
keep skin clean.

Front 43

List the functions of the skin.

Back 43

1.protects the skin from injury, infection, and water loss
2. regulates body temperature
3. eliminates waste
4. gathers information about the environment;
5. produces vitamin D

Front 44

How do dead cells of the epidermis help the body?

Back 44

They provide a protective layer to the body.
As dead cells are shed, they carry with them bacteria and other substances that settle on the skin.

Front 45

What structures does the dermis contain?

Back 45

-nerves
-blood vesssels
-sweat glands
-hairs
-oil glands