Science Mid-Term Exam Quiz Notes 2009

Front 1

Matter=anything that has masss and volume.
Kilogram=kg Milliliter=ml Kilometer=km Meter=m Millimeter=mm Centimeter=cm Gram=g Liter=L Milligram=mg

Back 1

stair step conversions:







1km=100mg 1g=100cg 1cL=10mL

Front 2

Length~
unit of measurement=meters, centimeters, kilometers, millimeters
tool=meter sticks

Back 2

Mass=the amoung of matter in an object
unit of measurement=Kilogram, Gram, Liter,Milligram
tool used= scale

Front 3

Volume= the maoung of space and object takes up
unit of measurement= cubic cm (cm3) and milliliters (mL)

Back 3

volume of regular objects=use ruler
-measure LxWxH=?cm3
volume of irregular shapes=use graduated cylinders
amount of h2o with object=
amount of h2o without object=
difference-volume=?mL

Front 4

Density= a ratio that compares an objects mass to its volume (cm3 and g)
Formula=mass/volume

Back 4

how to find density in the lab (ruler and calculator)
1. find the objects mass (g) and volume(cm3) and plug them into the formula (mass/volume)
2.divide the mass by the volume(m/v)
3.now your solution should look like ?g/cm3

Front 5

Practice density problems~
1. a piece of wood that has a mass of 25.0 grams and a volume of 29.4 cm3?
a. what id the density? 0.85 g/cm3
b. would it float in water? Yes FLOAT

Back 5

2.A piece of wood measures L=3.0 cm and W=6.0cm H=4.0 and has a mass of 80.0 grams.
a. what is the density of the wood? 1.11 g/cm3
b. would it float in water? no SINK

Front 6

Density of water= 1
when an objects density is over 1 it will sink. when its under 1 it will float.

Back 6

how does density explain why hot air baloons fly?

Front 7

Solution~
Solute= the part dissolved by the solvent (smaller part)
Solvent= the larger amoung that dissolves the solute
Dissolving=all particles are evenly spread apart until the arer too small to be seen

Back 7

Solubility~
Soluble= slat Insoluble=penny not very soluble= coffee

Front 8

Concentration~
Dilute= more solvent than solute
Concentrated=more solute than solvent
Saturated= a solution in which NO MORE solute can be dissolved
As concentration increase
boiling point increases
freezing point decreases
density increases

Back 8

Distillation (two step process when you heat a solution changing the solvent to a gas and cooling it back into a liquid to become pure)

Distillation cycle:

Front 9

Chemistry 101~
Element- a pure substance with only one type of atom
Atomic number= number of protons and elctrons in an element

Back 9

rules for writing elements
-must print
-1st letter capitalized
-2nd letter lower case

Front 10

Noble gases= non reactive witha full outer shell
Halogens= highly reactive with Alkali metals
Alkali Metals= highly reactive with water and the Halogens

Back 10

Atom and Atom structure~
protons=a positive charge in the nucleus of every atom and is equal to the negative charges
nuetrons=an uncharged atomic particle
electrons=has a negative charge of electricity and travels around the nucleus of an atom
energy levels= 1st-2 2nd-8 3rd-8 4th-18

Front 11

Mg

Back 11

molecule=two or more atoms chemically combined together
h2o h h
o

Front 12

Bonging~
covalent bonds= atoms SHARE elctrons
Ionic onds= atoms GAIN or LOSE electrons
charges can change
COMPOUND= pure substance with only one typed molecule

Back 12

Physical change= the change can be "un-done" (ripping paper)
chemical change= the substances present at the begining of the change are not present at the end (cooking steak)

Front 13

Law of conservation of matter= matter cannot be created or destroyed it can only change its forms

Back 13

Zinc+HCl9hydrogen gas)lab
new things produced=Zinc+HCl-> ZnCl+H2
inportant characteristics of hydrogen gas= h2 is flammable and we used a match to make it 'pop'
SUGAR LAB~
new things produced= Carbon

Front 14

Mg

Back 14

molecule=two or more atoms chemically combined together

h2o h h
o

Front 15

Bonding~
Covalent bonds= atoms SHARE elctrons
Ionic bonds= atoms GAIN or LOSE electrons
*charges and change*
COMPUND= pure substance with only one type of molecule (Li-Lithuim)

Back 15

Physical change= the change cannot be "un-done" (ripping paper)
Chemical change= the substances present at the beginning of the change are not present at the end (cooking steak)

Front 16

Law of conservationof matter= matter canoot be createdor destroyed but it can only change its forms

Back 16

Zinc+HCl(hydrogen gas) lab
new things produced= Zn+HCl->ZnCl+H2
inportant characteristics of hydrogen gas: H2 is flammable and we used a match to make it 'pop'

Front 17

phase changes!!!!

Back 17

Counting atoms and elements!

Front 18

buring sugar lab~
new things produced=CARBON!

Back 18

Formulas of common compounds:
hydrogen peroxide:
Salt:
Sugar:
Hydrochloric acid:
Carbon dioxide:
Water: