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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the law regarding energy?
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Energy cannot be created or destroyed it can only be transferred or transformed
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What is energy?
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Energy is the ability to make something change
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What is energy 'transferred'?
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When energy goes from one object to another object but remains as the same type of energy
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What is energy 'transformed'?
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The conversion of one type of energy to another e.g. electrical energy to sound energy
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What is heat?
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Heat is a form of energy that describes the total amount of energy of all the particles within an object
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What is temperature?
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Temperature is a measure of the heat energy within an object, it measures the average kinetic energy of the object.
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What happens to the particles in a hotter object?
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The particles of a hotter object move faster, the temperature is higher
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What is conduction?
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The movement of heat along a solid
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What is a solid?
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Particles in a solid are packed tightly together
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what is conduction
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a method of heat transfer in which heat is passed by vibration of particles.
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What is an Insulator
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sleeping bag ,esky
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Why are fibres good heat insulators?
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Because the fibres trap the air and provide insulation against cold
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Explain convection
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Liquids do not conduct as well as solids, liquid and gas particles are free to move, when a liquid or gas is heated, the particles spread out, expand, become less dense and rise
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What are the three types of heat transfer?
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Conduction, convection, radiation
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Explain radiation
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Heat is transferred by invisible waves that travel at the speed of light, objects emit infrared radiation (heat). Hotter objects give off more radiant heat.
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What happens when radiation hits an object?
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It can be absorbed, reflected or transmitted (depends on material and colour)
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When is sound produced?
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When something vibrates
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What do vibrations cause (sound)?
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Areas of compressions and rarefactions
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What types of wave is a sound wave?
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A longitudinal wave, the wave travels along the same axis and the movement of the particles
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What is the rule regarding speed of sound?
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The closer the particles are together, the faster the speed of sound
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Why does sound travel faster in warm air compared to cool air?
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The particles have more kinetic energy
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What is frequency?
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The number of vibrations in a given time
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What is amplitude?
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The size of each wave
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What is wavelength?
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The distance between peaks of waves
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What are the two ways that light interacts?
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Reflection and refraction
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Why do we see reflections?
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We see a clear reflection when light bounces off a hard, smooth surface. We can't see our refleciton in a rough object, the reflection of light on this is called a diffuse reflection
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What is refraction?
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Refraction is how light passes from one substance to the next. Light passes at different speeds through different object
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What is the law of reflection?
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Angle of incidence= Angle of reflection
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What is the normal?
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an imaginary line that is drawn right angle to the surface that light is incident upon
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Why does light bend when it goes from one substance to the next (refraction)?
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A wave changes speed when it enters another substance, and angles because it comes in at an angle of the tip of it turns the corner
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Explain refraction
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The bending of light caused by light changing speed when it passes from one substance into another. Light comes in on an angle, changes speed which turns it, because one side is going faster/slower while the other side is still going fast/slow
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What is a concave lens?
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A lens that is 'caved in'
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What is a convex lens?
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A lens that bulges outwards
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What does the eye do?
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The eye responds to stimulus light
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How do we see things?
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We can see things because light is reflected off them or they give off light
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