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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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diffusion |
the movement of particles from regions of higher density to regions of lower density |
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osmosis |
the diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane |
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passive transport |
the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell |
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active transport |
the movement of substances across the cell membrane that requires the cell to use energy |
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endocytosis |
the process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell |
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exocytosis |
the process in which a cell releases a particle by enclosing the particle in a vesicle that then moves to the cell surface and fuses with the cell membrane |
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photosynthesis |
the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make food |
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cellular respiration |
the process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food |
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fermentation |
the breakdown of food without the use of oxygen |
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cell cycle |
the life cycle of a cell |
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chromosome |
in a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein; in a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of DNA |
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homologous chromosomes |
chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure |
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mitosis |
in eukaryotic cells, a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes |
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cytokinesis |
the division of the cytoplasm of a cell |
