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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gene |
A gene is a part of a chromosome which is made up of DNA that determines the genetic code for an organisms |
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Allele |
The variation of a gene, can be recessive or dominant. |
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Genotype |
The combinations of alleles for a trait of an organism. |
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Phenotype |
The physical expression of a genotype |
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Chromosome |
The structure made up of DNA in the nucleus of a cell. |
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Heterozygous |
When two alleles for a trait are different. |
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Homozygous |
When two alleles for a trait are the same. |
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Dominant |
Will show in the phenotype if present i.e; RR (Homozygous Dominant) OR Rr ( Heterozygous Recessive) |
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Recessive |
Only expressed if the homozygous recessive, is produces it characteristics phenotype only when paired with identical allele (rr) |
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Mitosis |
process of replicating body cells for growth and repair- chromosome in a cell nucleus are separated into 2 identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. |
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Meiosis |
The process of forming special sex cells for sexual reproduction-called gametes. When fertilization occurs makes new identical offspring. |
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Gamete |
a special sex cell |
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zygote |
the cell formed from fusion of two gametes. |
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Genetic variation |
The variety in a population 3 process-----> mutations meiosis sexual repo
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inheritance |
Genetic variation is controlled by inheritance. The acquisition of traits genetically transmitted from parent to offspring. |
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mutation |
A permanent change in the genetic code. This change create a new allele for the affected gene.---- greatly increasing variation |
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DNA |
Deoxyribonucleic acid ---> double helix shaped molecule. it contains the genetic code and transmits the hereditary pattern. |
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Punnet square |
The way of working out the possible genotypes when 2 individuals reproduce and their expected probabilities occurring in offspring. |
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Pedigree chart |
Is like a family tree that shows all genetic relationships between members of same family ----> through generations |
