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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is ecology?
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the study of ecosystems
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what is ecologist?
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scientist who studies ecosystems
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what is abiotic?
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the non-living parts of an ecosystem. Ex. soil,temperature,sunlight,climate,rainfall amount,water.
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what is limiting factors?
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such as soil,temperature,sunlight,climate,and water limit the number of organisms that can live in a population
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what is a forest?
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a ecosystem that contains a large amount of trees,shrubs, and other woody plants.Ex.temperature deciduous forests,coniferous forests, and tropical forests
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whatr is a grassland?
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a ecosystem that containsprimaraly grasses and is usually flat or has gently rolling hills
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what is a desert?
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ecosystem that recieves very little rainfall, typically sandy with few plants and has extreme temperatures
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what is a arctic tundra?
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ecosystem that has extremely cold temeratures,few plants and animals,and the ground is frozen for most of the year
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what is coniferous?
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used to describe trees that lose all of thir leaves in the fall/winter and remain evergreen year round.Ex. include most pine trees,bald cypress, and holy trees
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what is deciduous?
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used to describe trees that lose all of their leaves in the fall/winter.Ex. include hickory,beech,and maple
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what is a marine?
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the ocean can be considered one very large ecosystem.Ecologists often study smaller ecosystems within a ocean.Ex. coral reef
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what is a wetland?
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land areas that are wet all or part of the year.Ex.include ponds,lakes,streams,marshlands and bogs
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what is an estuary?
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a body of water found in areas where freshwater and salt water mix
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what is a population?
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a group of organisms of the same species living in the same place
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what is a habitat?
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the physical space occupied by a population. made up of 4 parts-food,water,shelter and space
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what is a niche?
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an organisms role or lifestyle within it's habitat.
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what are produsers?
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organisms that use energy from the sun to make their own food through the process called photosynthesis
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what is a herbivores?
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consumers that eat only plants
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what is a carnivore?
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consumers that eat only animals
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what is a omnivore?
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consumer that eat both plants and animals
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what is a decomper?
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an organism that gets energy by breaking down nutrients in dead organisms
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what is a scavenger?
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carnivores that eat only dead animals, often left overs from other carnivores
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what is a host?
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an organism that is infected by a parisite
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what is a parasite?
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an organism that must live on or insisde another organism in order to get energy
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what is a predator?
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an organism that eats other organism
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what is prey?
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an organism that is eaten by other organisms
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what is a food chain?
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the path of energy as it flows from one organism to the next
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what is a food web?
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a diagram of several connected food chains
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what is the carbon cycle?
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describe how carbon moves through the environment and living thing.For example,co2 is released into the air by plants through the process of photosynthesis
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what is the nitrogen cycle?
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describes how nitrogen moves through the environment and living things. For example, decomposers release nitrogen onto the air through the process of decomposition
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what is competition?
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a struggle between 2 or more organisms for the food,shelter,or other resources
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What is deforestation?
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the clearing of forest lands
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What is pollutant?
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a substance that causes pollution
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What is pollution?
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an unwanted change in the inviorment
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What is evaporation?
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when liquid water droplets turn into a gas, also called water vapor
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What is condensation?
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when water vapor changes back into liquid water
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What is precipitation?
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when water in clouds fall from the sky to the earth, ex-rain,sleet,snow,hail
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What is Run-off?
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water that falls on land and moves from high ground to low ground and may end up in the ocean
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What is weather?
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the state of the atmosphere at a certain time and place
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What is humidity?
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the amount of water vapor in the air
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What is temperature?
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the measure of heat and cold
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What is air pressure?
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the weight of air in an area
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What is wind?
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the movement of air across the atmosphere
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What is clouds?
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a collection of millions of tiny water droplets or ice crystals
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What is a cummulus cloud?
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(below 6,000 feet) large and puffy with flat bottoms
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What is a stratus cloud?
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(below 6,000 feet) layered and streaky with indistinct edges
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What is a cirrus cloud?
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(20,000 to 40,000 feet) white, wispy, thin and broad
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What is a cumulonimbus cloud?
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(6,000 to 50,000 feet) large, tall, dark clouds that are narrow in the middle and wide and flat at the bottom
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What is occluded front?
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the area in which a warm air mass is cought between two cold air masses; brings cool temperatures and plenty of rain and snow
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What is a stationary front?
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the are in which a warm air mass and a cold air mass meet, but neither of them has enough energy to push against each other; brings many days of overcast, rainy weather
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What is climate?
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the average weather conditions in an are over a very long period of time
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What is meteorologist?
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a scientist who studies weather
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What is valley breeze?
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the movement of air created by warm air rising and flowing up the slope of a mountain
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What is a mountain breeze?
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the movement of air caused by cool air sinking and moving down the slope of a mountain
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What is a sea breeze?
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the movement of air caused by cool air over the ocean moving toward the land
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What is a land breeze?
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the movement of air created by cool air over land moving toward the ocean
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What is a thermometer?
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measures temperature
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What is a rain gauge?
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measures rainfall
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What is anemometer?
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measures wind speed
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