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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is a Joule? |
A Joule is a Newton meter |
kgm/s^2 |
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What two factors does an object's gpe depend on? |
Weight and Height |
gpe=wt·ht |
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What has more of an effect on an object's kinetic energy? Why? |
Speed has more of an effect because it is squared |
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What is the kinetic energy formula? |
Kinetic energy= 1/2mass·velocity^2
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What is the gravitational potential energy formula? |
GPE=weight·height |
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What is mechanical energy? |
It is the total energy of motion and position of an object |
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What is the mechanical energy formula? |
Mechanical energy=gpe·ke |
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What two variables have an effect on an object's kinetic energy? |
The mass and velocity |
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What is a force? |
Force is the push or pull that can change motion |
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What are the two components for force? |
Speed and direction |
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What are balanced forces? |
They are in the opposite direction and are equal in size |
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What are unbalanced forces? |
They are not opposite in direction and are not equal in size |
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What is net force exerted on an object? |
The sum of all forces acting on an object |
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How are forces in the same direction combined? |
The Newtons are added together |
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How are forces in different direction combined? |
The smaller force is subtracted from the larger force |
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What is inertia? |
Inertia is the tendency of all objects to resist a change in motion |
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How is inertia related to Newton's first law of motion? |
The first law of motion is that an object at rest wants to stay at rest. Inertia is reason for that. |
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How is inertia related to Mass? |
An object with a small Mass has less inertia compared to an object with a large Mass |
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How is a planet's orbit formed? |
The Sun's gravity keeps all the planets in orbit, but inertia makes the orbit slower |
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How can friction make observing Newton's first law of motion difficult? |
Friction changes the motion of objects by working against an object's motion |
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What two factors affect momentum? |
Mass and velocity affects momentum |
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What is the law of conservation of momentum? |
LCM is the transfer of one object energy to another object |
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What are the units of momentum? |
The units are kilogram meters per second |
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What is Newton's first law of motion? |
An object at rest wants to stay at rest and an object in motion wants to stay in motion |
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What happens before a rocket's launch? |
1. Newton's first lom is seen 2. Gravity holds it down |
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What happens when a rocket is ignited? |
1. Gas goes up 2. Force= mass·acc. 3. Engine's mass decreases and acc. increases 4. Newton's 3rd lom is seen |
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How is Newton's 3rd lom seen when a rocket is ignited? |
Thrust is downward which propels the rocket upward |
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What is Netwon's 3rd lom? |
Every action has an equal and opposite reaction |
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What is phase 3 when a rocket is launched? |
1. Newton's 2nd lom 2. Inertia + gravity 3. K.e. decreases while p.e. increases |
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What happens during phase 4? |
1. Rocket reaches its apogee |
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What happens during 5? |
1. Recovery system is deployed a. Pressure incr. allows nose to come off and parachute comes out |
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What happens during phases 6? |
Fluid friction allows acc. to slow |
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What happens during phase 7? |
1. K.e. incr. and p.e. decr. |
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What happens during phase 8? |
1. Rocket lands 2. 1st + 3rd lom |
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What two factors determine speed? |
Distance and time |
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What is Acc. formula? |
Final velocity-initial velocity divided by time |
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What is the formula for mass? |
Force=mass·acc. |
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What is the momentum formula? |
p=mass·velocity |
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What is the speed formula? |
s=distance divided by time |
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What is the weight formula? |
wt=m·acc due to gravity |
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What is motion? |
A change in position of an object compared to a refrence point |
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How are speed and velocity the same? |
They are both related to the rate of an object is moving |
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How are speed and velocity different? |
Speed is how fast an object covers a distance. Velocity is the speed and object moves in a certain direction |
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What is the energy formula? |
E=mass(speed of light)^2 |
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What is mechanical energy? |
Moving parts |
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What is electrical energy? |
The moving of electrons through a path |
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What is chemical energy? |
Chemical reactions abd energy stored in bonds |
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What is heat energy? |
Internal energy of atoms |
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What is nuclear energy? |
Nucleus of atoms and most concentrated form of energy |
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What is Newton's 2nd lom? |
Force=mass·Acc. |
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Why does friction occur? |
Friction occurs because the surface of an object is rough |
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Why does oil reduce friction? |
Oil reduces friction because it is a lubricant |
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What does Aristotle believe? |
That the natural state of an object is at rest |
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What does Newton believe? |
An object at rest wants to stay at rest and an object in motion wants to stay in motion |
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What is sliding friction? |
Has two solid surfaces |
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What is rolling friction? |
Has wheels- reduces friction |
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What is fluid friction? |
Has drag- can be gas or liquid |
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What is drag? |
Drag is the force that resists when an object moves through air or water |
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What is thrust? |
It is the force that propells an object upward |
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What is lift? |
Lift is what pushes an object up |
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What is gravity? |
It is the force that pulls an object down |
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What is friction drag? |
It is when an object moves through a fluid |
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What is pressure drag? |
It is when there are different air pressures on a moving object |
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What is laminar flow? |
Laminar flow is when the air is close to the surface |
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What is turbulent flow? |
It is the opposite of laminar flow. It is not smooth |
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