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95 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cell Wall
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outer layer that supports the plant cell
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Cytoplasm
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the fluid the surrounds everything in the cell
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Cell membrane
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controls what goes in and out of the cell
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Nucleus
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control center of the cell (the brain)
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Nuclear Membrane
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controls what goes in and out of the cell
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Nucleolus
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contains the DNA and RNA
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Chromosomes
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structures that hold genetic info
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Mitochondria
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power house, makes energy
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Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
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cell transportation system
smooth-no ribosomes rough- ribosomes |
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Ribosomes
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small organelles that produced protein
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Golgi Apparatus
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Modifies and transports proteins and lipids
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Lysosomes
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Recycles worn out organelles and other materials
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Vacuoles
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Stores water food and waste- larger in plants
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Chloroplasts
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Contains chlorophyll captures the sunlight for photosynthesis only in plant cells
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Centriole
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Helps with cell division
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Cell
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the basic unit of structure of all living things- the smallest unit in which life processes can be carried out
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Importance of the invention of microscopes
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to see cells
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Cell
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the theory that States that all living things are composed of of one or more cells, all the chemical reactions of a living organism occur within it's cell
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ATP
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the molecules that carry small packets of energy for cell activity
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Organelles
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structures inside a cell that preform a particular function for the cell
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Enzymes
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special organisms that speed up chemical reactions
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Structure of a plant cell that are not in animal cells
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chloroplast & cell wall
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Energy
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the ability to do work
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Cellular Respiration
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the breaking down of food molecules by cells into useable energy
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Metobalic Pathway
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a series of chemical reactions that break down or makes material that the cell needs
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Diffusion
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the movement of partials from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
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Osmosis
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the diffusion of water for a membrane
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Binary Fission
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cell division in which one cell is split into 2 identical daughter cells, each having a complete cell of DNA
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Mitosis
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the cell division in which new daughter cell is identical to the parent cell
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Meiosis
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the cell division process in which new cells within half the usual number of chromosomes are produced
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Selectively Permitable Membrane
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membranes that allow some substances to pass through them while blocking other substances
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Taxonomy
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the scientific classification of organisms
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Binomial Nomenclature
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consisting of two names
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5 Kingdoms
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Animals, Plants, Bacteria, Fungi, Protoctists
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7 Major Categories of Classification (in order)
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Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
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Scientific Names
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genes and species names
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Species
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a group of organisms that can mate with one another and reproduce fertile off-spring
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Botanists
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a person who study's plants
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Zoology
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tonight
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Zoology
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the study of animals
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Science
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the systematic study of creation using methods based on observations and experiments
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Life Science
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the study of living things
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Technology
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the application of science
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Variable's
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changeable factors that could affect the outcome
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Abiotic Factors
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the nonliving things in the biosphere
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Biotic Factors
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things that are living or once-living in the biosphere
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Biosphere
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the part of the earth and its atmosphere that we live in
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Ecosystem
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a system in which living things interact
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Water Cycle
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the water that flows throughout the biosphere
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Carrying Capacity
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the maximum number of organisms that an environment can support
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Community
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all living things in an ecosystem (forest, river, rainforest)
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Population
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the same species that live in the same pack
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Population Density
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individual organisms that live in different places
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Preferred Habitat
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a place where organisms have advantage over the others
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Wetland
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when water level is above ground
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Acid Rain
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the result of sulfur dioxide
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pH Scale
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a scale that measures the acidity of a solution
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Pollutant
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a substance in the air, soil, or water that harms the environment
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Sediment
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solid materials that settle to the bottom of a liquid
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Water Hardness
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the term used to describe the minerals, magnesium, and calcium in water
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Biomass
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the total dry weight of all the living organisms in an ecosystem
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Carnivores
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animals that eat other animals
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Consumer
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organisms that eat other organisms
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Decomposer
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organisms that get there energy from decomposed animals and animal waste
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Detrivores
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organisms that feed off of dead matter
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Food Chain
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the food and energy links in a community
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Food Web
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the network of food chains in an ecosystem
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Herbivores
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animals that eat plants
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Niche
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an organisms unique role in its envirnment
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Omnivorous
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animal that eat plants and animals
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Primary Consumer
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herbivorous
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Producer
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organisms who use photosynthesis to make there food
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Scavenger
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animals the feed off of dead animal bodies
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Secondary Consumer
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animals that eat herbivores
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Tertiary Consumer
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animals that eat primary carnivorous
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Top Carnivore
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Animals that have no predators
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Trophic Level
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a group of organisms that share the same position in the food chain
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Commensalism
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a relationship between 2 organisms where 1 organism benefits and the other one if not affected
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Mutualism
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the relationship between 2 organisms that live and work
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Parasite
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an organism that depends on another organism
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Predator
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an organism that eats other organism
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Prey
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an organism eaten by a predator
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Symbiosis
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a relationship in which on organism lives on another
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Adaptation
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a characteristics that increase an organisms chance of survival in its habitat
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Biological Clock
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an innate mechanism that regulates an organisms biological rhythems
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Antibiotics
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drugs used to kill harmful bacteria and other microorganisms
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Pathogens
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disease-causing microorganisms
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Biome
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a division of area based on the prevailing climate and the types of organisms that thrive there
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Tundra
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a biome with cold long winters cold summers permafrost small plants
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Coniferous Forest
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a biome with long fold winters and cold summers and cone-bearing trees
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Deciduous Forests
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a biome with 4 seasons and trees that loose their trees
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Rainforest
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a tropical biome with high amounts of precipitation, humidity, and biodiversity
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Grasslands
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1 type of this biome is a savannah it has a wet season and a dry season many animals are grazing animals
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Desert
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a hot dry biome with little precipitation most plants are cacti or suculants many animals are nocturnal
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Ocean
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70% of the earth is covered by ocean
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