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42 Cards in this Set

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Littoral Zone

From the edge of the ocean to 50 miles around it. It is populated with plants that live and adapt well to salty water. Includes many mangrove plants (this have heavy waxy and fleshy leaves) Help protect the coastline and beach. Some animals that are there are crabs, rays, and many birds.

Arid zone

The most diverse and extensive of all vegetation zones. Occurs in low lands, extends inland from the shore zone. It is found in all main islands. Home of the land birds and also provides nesting sites for some of the seabirds. There are usually Blue-Footed boobies, lava lizards, sea lions and land iguanas.

Scalesia zone

It is about 660 to 1311 feet long. It is called the “rain forest” of the Galapagos islands. It is always humid, the humidity is maintained in the dry season by fogIs inhabited by mosses, ferns and orchids. It is named after the Scalesia tree, which can reach 60 feet in height. Scalesia trees have decreased due to tourism.

Transition zone

It is about 330 to 660 feet away from the ocean. It includes plants from both the arid and scalesia zone. It has the greatest plant diversity and it also contains salty soil, which attracts many different mosses and plants. Some hosts there are salt resistant tomato (galapagos tomato) and pega pega. Hosts many different animals that eat the many plants, which grow here.

Brown zone

Gets its name from the plant: The Zanthoxylum fagara. Its nickname is “Brown zone” it comes from the many lichens and mosses, giving the vegetation a brown color. Most of this area has been destroyed due to human settlement and agriculture.

Miconia zone

It is above the Scalesia zone, and can reach up to 3,278 feet. It is named after the plant The miconia robinsoniana. This zone is very wet, it is high in altitude. Miconia zone is found only on the southern slopes of Santa Cruz and San Cristobal islands. It is home to the famous manzanilla. Plants in this zone grow up to 16ft . It also contains the galapagos cotton plant, which is endemic to the island.

Pampa Zone

Highest and wettest vegetation zone in Galapagos. It is 500 meters long. It is full of grass, sedges and ferns, including the field horsetail. Galapagos tree fern, 3 meters

Where are the Galapagos?

The Galapagos Islands are located in the Pacific Ocean.

How old are the Galapagos Islands?

The oldest islands in the Galapagos are South Plaza of 4.2 million years and Espanola of 3.2 million years.

Galapagos Climate

Its climate is mostly determined by the ocean currents, that are mostly influenced by the wind that pushes them.

Galapagos three ocean currents

Peruvian/Humboldt Current, Cromwell current/Equatorial Countercurrent, Panama Current.

What is the Frigate Bird?

The frigate bird is a family of seabirds that consists of five species. These five species are classified under the Genus Fregata. Male's’ are distinguished because of their red pouch, which is used to attract females.

Members of the Fregata Family

Magnificent frigatebird (Fregata magnificens)


Ascension frigatebird (Fregata aquila)


Christmas frigatebird (Fregata andrewsi)


Great frigatebird (Fregata minor)


Lesser frigatebird (Fregata ariel)

What is the Blue footed booby?

The blue footed booby is a marine bird that mainly lives in the Galapagos. This bird is named after its blue feet (which is a sexually selected trait) and dines only on fish.

Where can you find the blue footed boobies?

The blue footed boobies lives along the continental coast of the eastern pacific ocean all the way from California, to Peru, and the Galapagos islands, however they are mostly in the Galapagos Islands.

How did the Blue footed boobies get there? From where?

The blue footed boobies got to the Galapagos by flying a from the northern coast of south america.


Whats newton's first law?

That an object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will stay in motion.

Whats newton's second law?

That the acceleration of an object is dependent upon of two variables.

Whats newton's third law?

That for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

What do you think would be the hardest part or parts of planning a mission to Mars?

The hard part would be building stuff that might adjust to that planet because of the temperature and its resources.

Define what you think a “good” mission to Mars would be and what the important elements of the mission during the planning are?

If there were minerals collected or pictures that might prove that there is life there. The important elements would be like the equipment we are going to use and food that we are going to eat and oxygen tanks.

Do scientists and engineers get everything they need and/or want when they are planning their missions?

NO

We use energy every day in multiple ways?

True

Can an object move in a straight line without being moved by an external force?

Without an external force an object would not have any reaction.

Is there an action that does not have an equal or opposite reaction?

No, all objects have an equal or opposite reaction.

What is an Electromagnetic Wave?

Electromagnetic waves are waves that consist of vibrating electric and magnetic fields.

How are Electromagnetic Waves formed?

Electromagnetic waves are created when particles that are electrically charged begin to vibrate.

What are some examples of Electromagnetic Waves?

One of the most common examples of electromagnetic waves is static. another day to day object that has electromagnetic waves is magnets.

Sources of Electromagnetic Waves

The most important source of an electromagnetic wave on earth is the sun.

Where are Electromagnetic Waves present?

Electromagnetic waves are present do to a material medium to transfer the energy, unlike mechanical waves.

How do electromagnetic wave affect our lives?

If electromagnetic waves are strong enough, it can cause what is a static shock. Another effect of electromagnetic waves is sunburn, which is a direct effect of electromagnetic radiation. This is the most common effect of electromagnetic waves.

What are mechanical waves?

A mechanical wave is a wave that is not capable of transmitting its energy through a vacuum.

Examples of mechanical waves

Sounds waves, Ocean waves, Slinky waves, Seismic waves, Jump rope waves, Stadium waves

Types of Mechanical Waves

Longitudinal waves: they cause medium to vibrate parallel to the directions of the wave




Transverse waves: they cause medium vibrates at a right angle to the directions of the wave carried by the medium .




Rayleigh waves: this type of waves travel with motion similar to the waves in the surface of water, but they go much slower than body waves.

How are they formed?

They are produced when some kind of energy moves a substance, or a material or a liquid and then it transports that energy, which then turns into these mechanical waves.

What is a Transverse Wave?

A transverse wave is a wave that vibrates at right angles to the direction of its propagation.

Types of Transverse Waves

Electromagnetic Waves: These Electromagnetic waves are formed by the vibration of an electric charge.




Polarized Waves: Property of waves that can move back and forth in the same speed .

How are tranverse waves formed?

They form on the string, on the surface of a liquid or solid.

What is a Longitudinal Wave?

This are the waves in which the displacement of the medium is in the same direction as, or the opposite direction to, the direction of travel of the wave.

Types of Longitudinal Waves

Sound Waves: sound waves are the amplitude of the wave between the pressure of the undisturbed air and the maximum pressure.

How are Longitudinal waves formed?

They form because the particles move left and right which in makes the other particles move back and forth.

Define what you think a “good” mission to Mars would be and what the important elements of the mission during the planning are?

A good mission to mars would be if there were minerals collected or pictures that might prove that there is life there. The important elements would be like the equipment we are going to use and food that we are going to eat and oxygen tanks.