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94 Cards in this Set
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The process of removing heavy metals from contaminated soils by adding an acid solution to the soil and catching the solution that drains through |
Acid precipitation |
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A measure of how much Sun's radiation is reflected by a surface |
Albedo |
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The positive feedback loop in which an increase ib Earth's temperature causes ice to melt, so more radiation is absorbed by Earth's surface, leading to further increases in temperature. |
Albedo effect |
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The third phase of mitosis in which the centromere splits and sister chromatids separate into daughter chromosomes, and each moves toward opposite ends of the cell. |
Anaphase |
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Resulting from human influence |
Anthropogenic |
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Undifferentiated cells at the tips of plant roots and shoots; cells that divide, enabling the plant to grow longer and develop specialized tissues. |
Apical meristem |
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The depth that an object appears to be at , due to the refraction of light in a transparent medium |
Apparent depth |
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An aqueous solution that conducts electricity and turns red litmus blue |
Base |
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The technology of using light energy to diagnose, monitor, and treat living cells and organisms |
Biophotonics |
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A model representing the arrangement of electrons in orbits around the nucleus of an atom |
Bohr - Rutherford diagram |
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The ability of a substance to resist changes in pH |
Buffering capacity |
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Any environmental factor that causes cancer |
Carcinogen |
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The process by which a cell becomes specialized to perform a specific function |
Cellular differentiation |
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The structure that holds chromatids together as chromosomes |
Centromere |
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The rapid reaction of a substance with oxygen to produce oxides and energy; burning |
Combustion |
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Convex/concave |
Convex |
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Convex/concave |
Concave |
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A specialized tissue that provides support and protection for various parts of the body |
Connective tissue |
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A bond that results from the sharing of outer electrons between non metal atoms |
Covalent bond |
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A layer of wax on the upper and lower surfaces of a leaf that blocks the diffusion of water and gases |
Cuticle |
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The stage in the cell cycle when the cytoplasm divides to form 2 identical cells; the final part of cell division |
Cytokinesis |
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The stage in the cell cycle when the cytoplasm divides to form 2 identical cells; the final part of cell division |
Cytokinesis |
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The tissues covering the outer surface of the plant |
Dermal tissue system |
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A molecule consisting of only 2 atoms of either the same or different elements |
Diatomic molecule |
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A compound that seperates into ions when it dissolves in water, producing a solution that conducts electricity |
Electrolyte |
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A thin sheet of tightly packed cells that covers body surfaces and lines internal organs and body cavities |
Epithelial tissue |
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Steel that has been coated with a protective layer of zinc which forms a hard insoluble oxide |
Galvanized steel |
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One of a pair of special cells in the epidermis that surround and control the opening and closing of each stomate |
Guard cell |
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Combustion resulting in CO, C, carbon dioxide, soot, waterand energy - happens when oxygen supply is limited |
Incomplete combustion |
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The phase of the cell cycle during which the cell performs its normal functions and its genetic material is copied in preparation for cell division |
Interphase |
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The simultaneous strong attraction of positive and negative non metal ions |
Ionic bond |
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A compound made up of an anion and cation |
Ionic compound |
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The statement that in any given chemical reaction the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products |
Law of the conservation of mass |
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Light produced as a result of an electric current flowing in semiconductors |
Light emitting diode (LED) |
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Any physical substance through which energy can be transferred |
Medium |
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An undifferentiated plant cell that can divide and differentiate to form specialized cells |
Meristematic cell |
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The 2nd stage of mitosis in which the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell |
Metaphase |
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The process of cancer cells breaking away from the original tumour and establishing another tumour elsewhere in the body |
Metastasis |
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A virtual image that forms as a result of refraction and total internal reflection in Earth's atmosphere |
Mirage |
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Any polished surface reflecting an image |
Mirror |
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The stage of the cell cycle in which the DNA in the nucleus is divided the first part of cell division |
Mitosis |
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A particle in which atoms are joined by covalent bonds |
Molecule |
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The inability of the eye to focus light from distant objects near sightedness |
Myopia |
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A modified form of the diverging lens shape |
Negative meniscus |
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Specialized tissue that conducts electrical signals from one part of the body to another |
Nerve tissue |
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A nerve cell |
Neuron |
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A chemical reaction in which an acid and a base react to form an ionic compound (salt) and water the resulting pH is closer to 7 |
Neutralization reaction |
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Point at the exact centre of the lens |
Optical centre |
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A structure composed of different tissues working together to perform a complex body function |
Organ |
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A layer of tall, closely packed cells containing chloroplasts just below the upper surface of a leaf a type of ground tissue |
Palisade layer |
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Tissue on the surface of a plant that produces bark on the stems and roots |
Periderm tissue |
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A row of elements in the periodic table |
Period |
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The part of the nervous system consisting of the nerves that connect the body to the central nervous system |
Peripheral nervous system |
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Vascular tissue in plants that transports dissolved food materials and hormones throughout the plant |
Phloem |
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The process of producing light by the absorption of UV Light resulting in the emission visible light over an extended period of time |
Phosphorescense |
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An ion made up of more than 1 atom that acts as a single particle |
Polyatomic ion |
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A modified form of the converging lens shape |
Positive meniscus |
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A form of far sightedness causes by a loss of accommodation as a person ages |
Presbyopia |
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The line through the centre of curvature to the midpoint of the mirror |
Principal axis |
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The first stage of mitosis in which the chromosomes become visible and the nuclear membrane dissolves |
Prophase |
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A method of energy transfer that does not require a medium the energy travels at the speed of light |
Radiation |
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An image that can be seen on a screen as result of light rays actually arriving at the image location |
Real image |
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The bouncing back of light from a surface |
Reflection |
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The bending or change in direction of light when it travels from one medium to another |
Refraction |
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An optical device in which the emergent ray is parallel to the incident ray |
Retro reflector |
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The system in a flowering plant fern or conifer that anchors the plant absorbs water and minerals and stores food |
Root system |
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A reaction in which an element displaces another element in a compound and a new element |
Single displacement reaction |
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Reflection of light off a smooth surface |
Speculat reflection |
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A region of loosely packed cells containing chloroplasts in the middle of a leaf a type of ground tissue |
Spongy mesophyll |
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An undifferentiated cell that can divide to form specialized cells |
Stem cell |
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An opening in the surface of a leaf that allows the exchange of gases |
Stomate |
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A reaction in which 2 reactants combine to make a larger or more complex product A + B -> AB |
Synthesis reaction |
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The final phase of mitosis in which the chromatids unwind and a nuclear membrane reforms around the chromosomes at each end of the cell |
Telophase |
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The situation when the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle |
Total internal reflection |
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The production of light from friction as a result of scratching crushing or rubbing certain crystals |
Triboluminescense |
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A form of invisible higher energy radiation |
Ultraviolet radiation |
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The tissues responsible for conducting materials within a plant |
Vascular tissue system |
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The point where the principal axis meets the mirror |
Vertex |
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A blood vessel that returns blood to the heart |
Vein |
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An image formed by light coming from an apparent light source light is not arriving at or coming from the actual image location |
Virtual image |
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The continuous sequence of colours that make up white light |
Visible spectrum (ROYGBIV) |
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The process of transplanting an organ or tissue from 1 species to another |
Xenotransplantation |
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Vascular tissue in plants that transports water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the leaves and stems of the plant |
Xylem |
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Reflection of light off an irregular or dull surface |
Diffuse reflection |
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The seperation of white light into its constituent colours |
Dipersion |
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A lens that is thinnest in the middle and that causes incident parallel light rays to spread apart after refraction |
Diverging lens |
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A lens that is thickest in the middle and that causes incident rays to converge through a single point after refraction |
Converging lens |
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A mirror shaped like part of the surface of a sphere in which the inner surface is reflective |
Concave mirror |
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A mirror shaped like part of the surface of a sphere in which the outer surface is reflective |
Convex mirror |
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The angle of incidence that results in an angle of refraction of 90° |
Critical angle |
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The part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and the spinal cord |
Cental nervous system |
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The centre of the sphere whose surface has been used to make the mirror |
Centre of curvature |
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The light ray that leaves a lens after refraction |
Emergent ray |
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The point at which light rays parallel to the principal axis converge when they are reflected off a concave mirror |
Focus |
