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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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long term patterns of weather |
Climate |
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new conditions |
Weather |
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east to west |
Longitude |
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north to south |
Latitude |
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above sea level |
Elevation |
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distribute heat and moisture |
Air Circulation Function |
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determining factors of air circulation function |
1. uneven heating from sun 2. rotation of Earth (faster @ equator) 3. physical properties of air, water, and land |
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permanent circulation pattern |
convection cells |
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trade winds, predictable wind patterns caused by Earth's rotation, produce ocean currents |
Prevailing Winds |
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prevailing winds change direction, west to east |
El Nino |
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severe dry drought |
west |
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violent weather, warm rainy weather (winter) |
east |
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trap heat |
greenhouse gases |
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amount of heat energy required to raise large water |
H2O specific heat |
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aquatic organism distribution factors |
1. water temp 2. sunlight 3. dissolved oxygen 4. nutrient levels 5. salinity-MOST IMPORTANT |
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free floating, microscopic, weak swimmers |
plankton |
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algae, plant life |
phytoplankton |
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protozoan, animal life |
zooplankton |
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strong swimmers: fish, turtles, frogs, sharks |
nekton |
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on or in bottom: oysters, crabs |
benthos |
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bacteria, decomposes organic matter |
decomposers |
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salt and fresh mix (brockish) |
estuaries |
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marshs, tidal movement: 1. filter pollutants 2. reduce storm damage 3. store access water: tidal storage 4. wildlife refugees |
wetlands
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most diverse of aquatic ecosystems 1. living animal organism 2. made up of polyps (jelly like), in-crested with limestone 3. outer surface algae bright colors (dissolved oxygen) |
coral reefs |
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largest coral reef |
great barrier reef |
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40% all photosynthesis, most animal life |
euphotic |
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dimly lit, no photosynthesis |
bathyal |
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rapid temp. drop |
thermocline |
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small amount of oxygen, no photosynthesis, over two miles deep |
abyssal |
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very biologically diverse, nutrient rich "marine snow" |
ocean bottom |
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standing water |
lakes |
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lots of photosynthesis |
litteral zone |
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deep, low dissolved oxygen |
profundal zone |
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bottom sediment |
benthic zone |
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deep, clear, low nutrient level |
oligotrophic |
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much nutrients, much algae, low dissolved oxygen |
eutrophic |
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B.O.D |
Biological Oxygen Demand |
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flowing water |
rivers, streams |
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surface runoff (watershed-drainage) |
source zone |
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few trees, much grass and reeds |
marshs |
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flooded forest |
swamps |
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receives excess water annually |
floodplains |
