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63 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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year
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the time it takes for the Earth to revolve around the sun.
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day
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the time it takes for the Earth to spin around on its axis. 24 hours
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month
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the time it takes for the moon to revolve around the Earth
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Astronomy
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the study of the universe
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Ptelamatic theory
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Earth is the center of the universe
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Coppernikus' theory
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All planets revolve around earth earth revolves around sun
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Brahe
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The sun and moon revolve around the Earth all other planets revolve around earth
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kepler
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planets revolve around the sun in elliptical orbit
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Galileo
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Saw craters on moon, jupiters moons, and the phases of venus
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Newton
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all planets are gravitationally attracted to each other.
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hubble
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proved that there are other galaxies
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albedo
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the reflectivity or brightness of a celestial object such as a planet or moon
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aperture
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the unobstructed diameter of the mirror or objective in a telescope or in a pair of binoculars
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conjunction
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occurs when two or more planets appear close together in the sky.
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Galilean satellites
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Jupiter's first four moon's discoverd, by Gallileo: Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto
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Hubble classification
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a system of grouping galaxies according to their shape,developed by Edwin Hubble
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terminator
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the division between the light and dark sides of a planet or satellite
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Refracting
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uses lens to gather and focus light
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Reflecting
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uses curved mirrors to gather and focus light
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telescope
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an instrument that gather electromagnetic radiation
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electromagnetic spectrum
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made up of all the wavelengths of a spectrum
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Altitude
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the angle between an object and the horizon
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light year
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the distance light travels in a year
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constellation
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a region of the sky that contains patterns
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apparant magnitude
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how bright a star seems to be
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absolute magnitude
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how bright a star actually is
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paralax
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the apparant shift of a star
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white dwarf
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leftover center of a star
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red giant
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expands and cools as it uses its hydrogen late in its life
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supernova
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star that collapses
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NEUTRON STAR
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all of its particles are neutrons
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black hole
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made up of the remains of a supernova light cannot escape its gravity
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cosmology
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study of the origin, structure, and future o the universe
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big bang theory
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theory that the universe began with a big explosion
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open clusters
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groups of stars that are usually located along the spiral disk of a galaxy
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eliptical galaxy
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has very bright centers and very little dust and gas
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nebula
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clouds of gas and dust in interstellar space
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solar nebula
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the nebula the began our universe
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sunspot
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dark spot on the surface of the sun
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nuclear fusion
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when two neuclei fuse to form a nucleus
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heredity
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passing of traits from parent to offspring
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dominant trait
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will always occur in offspring from a true-breeding plant
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genes
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instructions for an inherited trait
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alleles
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different forms of genes
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phenotype
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an organisms appearance
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terrestrial planet
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all rock
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gas giant
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all gas
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asteroid
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orbits sun is a rocky body
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comet
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orbits sun and is an icy body
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meteorite
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roky body that revolves around sun
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meteor
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bright streak from meteoride burning up
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asteroid
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distance from sun to earth
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retrograde
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when viewed from above its north pole, a body that moves in a counter clockwise direction
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satellite
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natural or artificial body that revolves around a planet
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genotype
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combination of inherited alleles.
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pedigree
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used to show how inherited traits move through a family
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sex cells
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sperm and eggs
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meiosis
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produces cells with half the normal number of chromosomes
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DNA
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deoxyriboneucleic acid
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three possible types of mutations
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deletion, substitution, insertion.
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mutagen
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causes mutation which causes genetic disoders
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nucleotides
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information in DNA is coded in the order of nucleotides along one side of the DNA molecule
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ribosome
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the factory that assembles proteins based on the DNA code
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