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45 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
a short easy way to show a chemical reaction
chemical equation
a substance you have at the beginning of a reaction
reactant
a new substance produced in a reaction
product
during a chemical reaction, matter is not created or destroyed
conservation of mass
matter can enter from or escape to the surroundings
open system
matter is not allowed to enter or leave
closed system
a number in a chemical equation telling you how many atoms /molecules take part in a reaction
coefficient
combing two or more elements/compounds to make a more complex substance
synthesis
breaking down compounds into simpler products
decomposition
one element replaces another in a compound; also known as displacement
replacement
what is a chemical equation?
a short, easy way to show a chemical reaction
true or false

chemical equations use symbols instead of words to summarize chemical reactions
true
If a molecule of carbon dioxide is involved in a chemical reaction, how is it represented in the chemical equation for the reaction?
by its chemical formula, CO₂
the substances you have when a chemical reaction is complete are called?
products
what does the arrow in a chemical equation mean?
yields
is the chemical equation below a reactant or a product?

Fe + S -> FeS

What does Fe mean?
reactant
is the chemical equation below a reactant or a product?

Fe + S -> FeS

What does S mean?
reactant
is the chemical equation below a reactant or a product?

Fe + S -> FeS

What does FeS mean?
product
true or false

chemical equations have no real structure
false
a chemical equation summarizes a reaction
true
the formulas for the reactants are written on the right
false
symbols in the equation show the reactants and the products
true
True or false

All the atoms present at the start of a reaction are present at the end.
true
at the end of a chemical reaction, what is the total mass of the reactants compared to the total mass of the products?
the total mass of the reactants is the same as the total mass of the products
what is the principle called the the conservation of mass?
during a chemical reaction, matter is not created or destroyed.
describe an open system
matter can enter from a escape to the surroundings
what is an example of a closed system
a sealed plastic bag
when is a chemical equation balanced?
when it accurately represents the conservation of mass by showing the same number of each type of atom on both sides of the equation.
how many atoms of oxygen are there on each side of the following chemical equation: 2Mg + O₂ -> 2MgO
2 atoms of oxygen on each side
is this chemical equation balanced, yes or no?

H₂ + O₂ -> H₂O
no
is this chemical equation balanced, yes or no?

Mg + O₂ -> MgO
No
is this chemical equation balanced, yes or no?

Na + O₂ -> Na₂O
no
is this chemical equation balanced, yes or no?

2H₂O₂ -> 2H₂O + O₂
yes
a number placed in front of a chemical formula in a chemical equation is called?
a coefficient
What does a coefficient tell you?
it tells you how many atoms or molecules of each reactant or product take part in the reaction.
Why is this chemical equation not balanced?

H₂ + O₂ -> H₂O
2 oxygen atoms on the reactant side and only 1 oxygen on the product side
what is the balance equation for this reaction: oxygen reacts with hydrogen to yield water.

a) 2H + O₂ -> 2H₂O
b) 2H₂ + O₂ -> 2H₂O
c) H₂ + O₂ -> 2H₂O
d) Hx + O₂ -> H₂O
b
what three categories can chemical reactions be classified?
synthesis
decomposition
replacement
which category of chemical reactions comes from a term that means "to put things together"
synthesis
what is the category of chemical reaction for two or more substances combined to make a more complex compound?
synthesis
what is the category of chemical reaction for compounds that are broken down into smaller products
decomposition
what is the category of chemical reaction for when one element replaces another in a compound, or two elements in different compounds trade places
replacement
Classify the following equation as synthesis, decomposition or replacement

CaCO₃ -> CaO + CO₂
decomposition
Classify the following equation as synthesis, decomposition or replacement

2Na + CI₂ -> 2NaCI
synthesis
Classify the following equation as synthesis, decomposition or replacement

Mg + CuSO₄ -> MgSO₄ + Cu
replacement