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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are autotrophs?
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animals that produce their own food.
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Where do most plants live?
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land (They need to find a way to get water and other nutrients)
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What do all orgnisms need to survive?
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Water and Nutrients.
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Why is it easy to live for an algae?
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because its surrounded by water.
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When plants are on land how do they get water?
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from soil
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What does the cuticle do?
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It keeps water from evaporating from the plant.
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How does a plant transport water,minerals, food, and other materials to everywhere in the plant?
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They use their vascular tissue that helps food and water move up and down.
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How do plants protect them selves?
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They stay in as much sunlight as possible.
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How do plant reproduce?
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sexualy that involves fertilization.
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Whats a fertilized egg called?
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Zygote
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What are the two major roups of plants?
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Vascular and nonvascular plants.
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What are nonvascular plants?
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plants that have no transporting tubes that transport water. Low growing and have no roots absorbing water.
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How do nonvascular plants obtain water?
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they obtain water from their surroundings. They live in shady places and the water has to travel through ech cell very slowly.
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Where do vascular plants live?
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in dry places because they collect water from roots. They grow tall.
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What are the two stages in a plant life cycle?
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sporophyte and gametophyte.
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What happens in the sporophyte stage?
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the plant produces spores.
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What happens in the gametophyte stage?
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the plant produces two types of sex cells: sperm and egg cells.Then they egg and sperm cells form together to make a zygote. Then zygote ecomes a living thing soon.
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What are the three types of nonvascular plants?
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hornworts, mosses, and liverworts.
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Which type of nonvascular plant has the most amount of its species?
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Mosses (10,000), Liver worts (8000), and Hornworts (100)
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What do the gametophyte look like on a moss?
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green and fuzzy.
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What are rhizoids?
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roots that anchor the plant to the ground.
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Where are liverworts usually found?
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on rocks next to a river or stream.
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Where are hornworts found?
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in moist soil by the grass.
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What are 3 major groups of seedless vascular plants?
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horsetails, ferns, and club mosses.
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What do seedless vascular plants produce instead of seeds?
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spores
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What are fronds?
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small leaves.
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What are the visible fronds called?
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sporophyte.
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whats the difference between a club mosses and mosses?
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Club mosses have a vascular tissue.
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What characteristics do all seed plants share?
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They all have vascular tissues and produce pollen.
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What are the two types of vascular tissue?
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Phloem and Xylem.
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Whats Phloem?
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The vascular tissue which food moves.
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Whats xylem?
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the vacular tissue that water and minerals move.
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What do seed plants produce that soon becomes sperm?
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pollen.
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Whats inside a seed?
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a partailly developed plant.
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What are the three main parts of a seed?
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embryo, stored food, and seed coat.
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Whats an embryo?
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A fertilized egg.
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What is another word for seed leaves?
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cotyledon.
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What is seed dispersal?
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When seeds are spread out.
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What are four main ways seeds can be dispersed?
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wind, water, if an animal its the seed and deposites it into a new area, and if the seed gets caught on an animal fur and falls off somewere else.
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Whats germination?
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When the embryo comes out of the seed.
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Wat are the three main functions of a root?
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anchors the plant, absorbs water, and stores food.
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What are the two types of roots?
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fibrous roots and tap roots.
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Whats the tip of the root called?
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a root cap.
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Whats the main function of a stem?
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carries water and nutrients up to leaves, eposes the leaves to the sun, and holds up plant.
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WHat are the two types of stems?
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heracious or woody.
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What are the layers of a woody stem?
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bark (outer bark), living phloem (inner bark), Cambium (produces new phloem and xylem), Sap wood (active xylem that produces water and nutrients), Heart wood (inactive xylem).
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Whats tranpiration?
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When water evaporates from a plants leaves.
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Whats a gymnosperm?
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A seed plant that produces naked seeds.
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What are cycads?
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Plants that look like palm trees with cones
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What plant is the biggest gymnosperm?
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Confers
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What type of gymnosperm can tolerate air pollution?
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Ginkgoes
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Where do Gnetophytes live?
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In hot deserts.
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What do gymnosperms produce?
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Femal and male cones.
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Whats an ovule?
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A structure that contains an egg cell.
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What is pollination?
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The transfer of a male reproduction structure to a female reproduction sstructure.
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What do all angiosperms share?
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They produce naked seeds and produce flowers.
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Whats a flower?
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a reproductive structue of an angiosperm.
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What is the colorful leaf-like structure called?
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Petal
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What are the 2 types of Angiosperms?
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Monocots and dicots
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Whats a tropism?
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A plants growth toward or away from a stimulus.
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Whats a hormone?
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A chemical produced by the plant and ffects how it grows.
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Whats auxin?
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A important hormone.
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What is photoperiodism?
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A plants response to seasonal changes in length of night and day.
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When do Short-day plants flower?
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When the night is longer.
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When do Long-day plants flower?
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When the night is shorter.
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What is Dormancy?
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When an organisms growth stops.
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