Science Chapter 6

Front 1

Describe the motion of the particles and the forces holding them together in each state of matter.

Back 1

Solid

Hint 1

particles vibrate in place, strong forces
Liquid

Front 2

Give examples of substances in each state of matter at room temperature.

Back 2

Plasma

Hint 2

lightning, gas in stars
Solid

Front 3

What is the difference between evaporation and boiling? Give an example of each.

Back 3

Evaporation

Hint 3

vaporization at the surface (water can evaporate off a lake)
Boiling

Front 4

Explain what happens to temperature and potential energy as matter changes from a solid to a liquid to a gas AND from a gas to a liquid to a solid.

Back 4

As it is being heated in solid form, temperature increases and potential energy doesn't change much, as it is melting, temperature stays the same, potential energy increases, as it is heating in liquid form, temperature increases, potential energy doesn't change much, as it is boiling, temperature stays the same, potential energy increases, as it is being heated in gas form, temperature increases, potential energy doesn't change much. As it is being cooled in gas form, temperature decreases, potential energy doesn't change much, as it is condensing, temperature stays the same and potential energy decreases, as it is cooling in liquid form, temperature decreases, potential energy doesn't change much, as it is freezing, temperature stays the same, potential energy decreases, as it cooling in solid form, temperature decreases, potential energy doesn't change much

Front 5

Explain the differences and similarities between the three gas laws. Give every day examples of each.

Back 5

Boyle's Law

Hint 5

pressure increases, volume decreases

Front 6

What is the resulting volume of a balloon at 100 kPa if it is 10.5 L at 90 kPa?

Back 6

100 X 10.5 = 90 X V2
V2 = 11.7 L

Front 7

What is the resulting volume of a balloon at 25 degrees Celsius if it is 9.0 L at 15 degrees Celsius?

Back 7

9/288 = V2/298
V2 = 9.3 L

Front 8

What are 4 basic ideas of the kinetic molecular theory?

Back 8

All matter is made of small particles
These particles are in constant random motion
These particles collide with one another and the walls of their container
Energy is not lost during the collision

Front 9

Snow forms in clouds because water vapor changes directly to ice. This is an example of _______

Back 9

deposition

Front 10

The sum of all the potential energy and kinetic energy in an object is equal to its ___________

Back 10

thermal energy

Front 11

Attractive forces between particles in a sample of matter are strong and pull the particles close together, keeping them in their positions. This is an example of

Back 11

the solid state of matter

Front 12

Snow melts after a snowstorm because of the addition of _______

Back 12

thermal energy

Front 13

A change in the state of matter is caused if enough _____ is added to or removed from an object.

Back 13

thermal energy

Front 14

During a hot shower, water vapor fogs up the cooler mirror when it turns to water. This is an example of _____.

Back 14

condensation

Front 15

As long as the temperature does not change, as the volume _____ the pressure _____.

Back 15

increases, decreases

Front 16

Kinetic energy is the _____ of motion.

Back 16

energy

Front 17

Boyle's Law describes the properties of a _____.

Back 17

gas

Front 18

Dry ice is a solid that changes directly to a gas when thermal energy is added. This is an example of _____.

Back 18

sublimation

Front 19

Adding thermal energy to a cup of water can cause the _____.

Back 19

particles to move faster or get farther apart or both

Front 20

Charles's Law assumes constant _____.

Back 20

volume

Front 21

Charles's Law describes the direct relationship of _____ and _____ of a gas.

Back 21

temperature, volume

Front 22

In Boyle's Law, what remains constant?

Back 22

temperature

Front 23

The amount of force that is exerted on a balloon by the gas inside the balloon is _____.

Back 23

pressure

Front 24

Lightning flashes contain which of the following types of matter?

Back 24

plasmas

Front 25

The measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance is the _____.

Back 25

temperature

Front 26

Marco put a pot of water on to boil eggs. After a few minutes, all the water was gone. This is an example of _____.

Back 26

vaporization

Front 27

At which temperature are the particles in a pencil moving the fastest?
a. 50°C
b. 40°C
c. 30°C
d. 20°C

Back 27

a. 50°C

Front 28

Viscosity is a measure of a fluid's _____.

Back 28

resistance to flow

Front 29

The measurement of force per unit area is called _______.

Back 29

pressure

Front 30

Boyle's law does not take into account a change in _______________.

Back 30

temperature

Front 31

Solids differ because of the _______________.

Back 31

arrangement of their particles

Front 32

The change in state from a gas to a liquid is called ____________________.

Back 32

condensation

Front 33

Vaporization is when a ______ changes into a _______.

Back 33

liquid, gas

Front 34

Particle motion in ice is ______ than particle motion in water.

Back 34

slower

Front 35

The atoms in water are farther apart than the atoms in ice. Therefore, the atoms in water have more _______ than the atoms in ice.

Back 35

potential energy

Front 36

How are pressure and volume related at a constant temperature?

Back 36

As volume increases, pressure decreases. As volume decreases, pressure increases.

Front 37

Temperature is _______________. Thermal energy is _______________.

Back 37

a measure of average kinetic energy, the sum of kinetic energy and potential energy.

Front 38

Gas particles collide with _______________.

Back 38

other particles and their container.