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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the different forms of a trait a gene may have
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allele
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the study of how traits are inherited through the interaction of alleles.
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genetics
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the father of genetics
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Gregor Mendel
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a distinguishing feature, as of a person's character.
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trait
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an offspring that was given different genetic information for a trait from each parent.
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hybrid
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describes a trait that covers over, or dominates. another form of that trait and seems to disappear
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dominant
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describes a trait that is covered over, or dominated by another form of that trait and seems to disappear.
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recessive
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an organism's genetic make-up
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genotype
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outward physical appearance and behavior of an organism. (example: brown hair)
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phenotype
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describes an organism with 2 alleles that are the same for a trait
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homozygous
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describes an organism with 2 different alleles for a trait
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heterozygous
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the passing of traits from parents to offspring
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heredity
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a tool to predict the probability of certain traits in offspring that shows the different ways alleles can combine.
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Punnett Square
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when the offspring of 2 homozygous parents show an intermediate (somewhere in between / a combination of) phenotype.
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incomplete dominance
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occurs when a group of gene pairs act together to produce a trait
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polygenic inheritance
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example of chromosome disorder
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Down's Syndrome
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example of recessive genetic disorder
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cystic fibrosis
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example of sex-linked disorder
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color-blind
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a visual tool for following a trait through generations of a family
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pedigree
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scientists experimenting with biological and chemical methods to change the arrangement of DNA that makes up a gene
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genetic engereering
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made by inserting a useful segment of DNA from one organism into a bacterium. (insulin)
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Recombinant DNA
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involves placing a normal allele in a cell that has a mutation (virus)
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gene therapy
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