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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Contrast extrusive and intrusive rocks in terms of cooling rates, texture and the location in which they crystallize.
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Intrusive: cools slowly, coarse grained, cool beneath surface
Extrusive: cools quickly, fine grained, cools on the surface |
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What is an example of an intrusive igneous rock? Or an extrusive rock?
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Intrusive: Gabbro and granite
Extrusive: pumice, obsidian |
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What effect does a fast cooling rate have on crystal size in igneous rocks? Or a slow cooling rate?
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Cooling quickly: small crystals
Cooling slowly: large crystals |
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According to Bowen's reaction series, which mineral has the highest crystallization temperature? Or lowest crystallization temperature?
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Highest: Olivine
Lowest: Quartz |
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Why are olivine and calcium-rich feldspar often found together in igneous rocks?
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the calcium-rich core dosen't have time to react to the olivne thus causing it
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What are the three types of magma? What magma type contains the greatest amount of SiO2?
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Rhyolitic, Andesitic, Basaltic.
Rhyolitic contains most SiO2. |
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Contrast magma vs. lava.
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Magma cools slowly beneath Earth's surface, Lava cools quickly on Earth's surface.
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What type of rare igneous intrusions sometimes contains diamonds?
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Kimberlites
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Which would make a lighter colored kitchen counter, granite or gabbro? Why? Which would make a darker colored counter? Why?
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Granite would be light colored, Gabbro would be dark. Granite is lighter and Gabbro is darker.
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How are igneous rocks formed?
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the crystallization of magma
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Define felsic rocks in terms of their color and mineral composition? What about mafic rocks?
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Felsic- light colored, contains Quartz, Orthoclase, Plagioclase.
Mafic- darker, contain plagiocase, biotite, amphibole, pyroxene, olivine. |
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What type of igneous rocks are very rich in Fe and Mg, (felsic, intermediate, mafic, ultramafic)? How about very rich in Si and O?
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Fe & Mg- Mafic
Si & O- Felsic |
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What extrusive igneous rock has an intermediate composition and a glassy texture?
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Obsidian.
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What are three ways that igneous rocks are classified?
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color, grain size, mineral composition
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What branch of Bowen's reaction series cools with a continuous change in composition? Or discontinuous change?
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Continuous- feldspar
Discontinous- Magnesium iron group |
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According to Bowen's reaction series, what is the last mineral to crystallize from magma? Or the first mineral?
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Last- Olivine
First- Quartz |
