Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Gregor Mendel |
an Austrian monk nicknamed the "Father of Genetics" |
|
|
heredity |
the passing of physical characteristics from parent to offspring |
|
|
genetics |
the study of heredity |
|
|
traits |
physical characteristics |
|
|
fertilization |
the process of sperm and egg joining to form a new organism |
|
|
purebred |
an organism has a specific trait over many generations |
|
|
hybrid |
not purebred |
|
|
crosspollination |
crossing one type of a species with a different type of the same species |
|
|
P generation |
parental generation |
|
|
F1 generation |
1st filial generation |
|
|
F2 generation |
2nd filial generation |
|
|
gene |
a factor that controls a trait and is located on chromosomes |
|
|
allele |
different forms or versions of that gene |
|
|
dominant alleles |
when present, it will always show itself in the organism |
|
|
recessive alleles |
hidden whenever dominant alleles are present |
|
|
probability |
a number that shows how likely it is an event will occur |
|
|
Punnet squares |
used to show genetic possibilities |
|
|
phenotype |
physical appearance |
|
|
genotype |
genetic makeup |
|
|
homozygous |
two identical alleles for a trait |
|
|
heterozygous |
two different alleles for a trait |
|
|
codominance |
the alleles aren't dominant or recessive |
|
|
Walter Sutton |
an American geneticist who found that chromosomes were important to the inheritance of traits |
|
|
chromosomes |
rod-shaped structures found in the nucleus |
|
|
The Chromosome Theory of Inheritance |
a theory proposed by Walter Sutton that stated genes are carried from parent to offspring on chromosomes |
|
|
Mitosis |
the process of cell division |
|
|
Meiosis |
the process by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half to form sex cells |
|
|
Law of Segregation |
one of the Laws of Genetics that states gene parents separate during the formation of sex cells |
|
|
Law of Independent Assortment |
one of the Laws of Genetics that states each allele for a trait is inherited independently of each allele of all other traits |
