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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Chemical Reaction
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The process by which chemical changes occur. Chemicals are rearranged, and chemical bonds are broken and formed.
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Carbohydrate
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The type of molecule made up of subunits of sugars and used for energy and structure.
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Lipid
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A type of molecule made up of subunits of fatty acids. They are found in fats, oils, and waxes used for structure and to store energy.
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Protein
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One of many types of molecules made up of chains of amino acid subunits. They control the chemical activity of a cell and support growth and repair.
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Nucleic Acid
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A type of molecule, made up of subunits of nucleotides, that is part of the genetic material of a cell and is needed to make proteins. DNA & RNA are types of this.
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Chemical Energy
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Energy that is stored in the chemical composition of matter. The amount in a substance depends on the types and arrangements of its atoms. The energy used by the cells in your body comes from _________ in the foods you eat.
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Glucose
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A sugar molecule that is a major energy source for most cells, produced by the process of photosynthesis
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Photosynthesis
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The process by which green plants and other producers use simple compounds and energy from light to make sugar, an energy-rich compound.
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Chlorophyll
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A light-absorbing chemical, a pigment, that traps the energy in sunlight and converts it to chemical energy. Found in chloroplasts or plant cells and the cells of other photosynthetic organisms.
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Cellular Respiration
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A process in which cells use oxygen to release energy stored in sugars
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Fermentation
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A chemical process by which cells release energy from sugar when no oxygen is present.
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Diffusion
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The tendency of a substance to move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
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Passive transport
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The movement of materials through a membrane without any input of energy.
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Osmosis
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The movement of water through a membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
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Active transport
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The process of using energy to move material through a membrane.
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