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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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element
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A substance made of only one kind of atom
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periodic table
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A chart in which all the elements are arranged according to the repeating pattern of their properties
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compound
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a substance composed of two or more elements that are chemically combined to form a new substance
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mixture
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a combination of substances in which the atoms of the substances are not chemically combined
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solution
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one substance disolved in another
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solute
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a substance that has been disolved (sugar)
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solvent
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a substance in which a solute is disolved (tea)
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concentration
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a measure of the amount of solute disolved in a solvent
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solubility
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the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a solvent at a particular temperture, usally expressed in grams of solute per milliliter of solvent
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electron cloud model
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A description of an atom with a nucleus made up of protons and nuetrons in the center surrounded by an electron cloud containing electrons and a great deal of empty space.
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nuetron
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Part of the nucleus of an atom with no charge.
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proton
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Part of the nucleus of an atom with a positive charge
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electron
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Part of the electron cloud surroundind the nucleus of an atom with a negative charge
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Oxygen, carbon, & hydrogen. (others: nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus)
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Most common elements in the human body?
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metals, nonmetals, and metalloids
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Three groups of elements
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The number of protons in the nucleus of its atom
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What does the number on the periodic table tell you?
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neutron
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What particle in an atom's nucleus has no charge?
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electrons and a lot of empty space
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In the electron cloud model of the atom, what does the electron cloud contain?
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The pure substance can be identified as a specific element.
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A scientist knows that a pure substance has six protons in the nucleus of each of its atoms. What can the scientist conclude?
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nonmetal
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In a lab, a student observes a sample of an element. It is brittle and a poor conductor of heat, and it cannot be hammered into sheets. What is it?
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on the left side of the table
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The element zirconium is a metal. Where will zirconium be found on the periodic table?
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concentration
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The measure of the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent is called what?
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a compound
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When you look at the formula for water, you can tell that it is what?
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It shows that the atom has negatively charged particles called electrons.
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JJ Thomson's plum pudding model of the atom shows what?
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The student can use a magnet to separate the mixture.
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A student has a mixture of small pieces of iron fillings and sand. How can the student separate the mixture?
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You can cool the solvent.
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How can the solubility of a solution be decreased?
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Use a periodic table and practice. The atomic number, located right above the symbol, shows the number of protons.
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Be able to look at a periodic table and tell how many protons an element has in its nucleus.
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Look at the COLUMNS in the periodic table.Elements in the same column react similarly with other substances.
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Be able to look at a periodic table and tell which elements will have similar chemical properties.
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metalloids
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Which elements touch the zig zag line in the periodic table?
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basic
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A student performs a pH test on liquid soap and finds that its pH is between 11 and 12. The liquid soap is what?
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an acid
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An artist needs a chemical compound that will react strongly with a metal in order to form a new compound. What substance should she pick?
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metals
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These elements are hard, good conductors of heat and electricity and are capable of being drawn into wired or hammered into sheets.
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chemical formula
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These formulas describe the elements that make up a compound
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There are 2 hydrogen atoms in this compound
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What does the number 2 mean in the chemical formula H20
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elements
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These are made of only one kind of atom, have a chemical symbol, & can’t be divided into simpler substances
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mixtures
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Thes are made of two or more substances, do not have a symbol or formula, and can be separated by physical means
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compounds
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These are made of two or more elements, have a chemical formula, and can be broken down into simpler substances
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saturation point
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A point in which no more solute can be dissolved in the solvent
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Acid (PH level closer to 0 is more acidic)
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Taste sour, react strongly with some metal to form new compounds, change blue litmus paper to red
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base (PH level closer to 14 more basic)
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taste bitter, feel slippery, change red litmus paper to blue
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Nuetral
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A substance with a PH level of 7 is considered to be?
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Rutherford
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Which scientist found that most of an atom's mass is in its nucleaus?
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Dalton
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This scientist proposed that atoms were small solid spheres like billard balls
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Thompson
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Scientist that proposed atoms were positively charged spheres with negative particles embedded in them.
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Non metals
Metals are on the left Metaloids in between ziz zag |
Which elements are on the right side of the periodic table?
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All based on Greek or Latin names
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How are chemical symbols chosen for elements in the periodic table?
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in order of increasing atomic number from left to right
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How are elements arrangend on the periodic table?
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The solute particles mix evenly with solvent particles
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What happens when a solution forms?
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Elements combine in exact ratios to form compounds
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How is a compound different from a mixture?
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Acid
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Which substance turns litmus paper from blue to red?
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Mary Clare
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Who is the smartest kid in the whole world?
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