Science Chapter 1

Front 1

inorganic compounds

Back 1

compounds that don't contain the element carbon

Front 2

bacterial cell

Back 2

does not have a cell wall, cell membrane, and nucleus.

Front 3

proteins

Back 3

large organic molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulpher

Front 4

Cells

Back 4

The basic structure and function in living things.

Front 5

nucleic acids

Back 5

very large organic molecules made of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and photosphorus. contain the instructions that cells need to carry out all the functions of life.

Front 6

cell theory #3

Back 6

all cells are produced from other cells

Front 7

DNA

Back 7

deoxyribonucleic acid- genetic material that carried information about an organism that is passed from parent to offspring.

Front 8

Who was one of the first people to observe cells?

Back 8

Robert Hooke

Front 9

lipids

Back 9

fat, oils, and waxes
energy rich organic molecules made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Front 10

ribosomes

Back 10

produce proteins the ribosomes realease some proteins throught the wall of the ER.

Front 11

compound

Back 11

when two or more elements combine chemically

Front 12

Microscope

Back 12

and instrument that makes small objects look larger

Front 13

Whithout enzymes, what would happen?

Back 13

many chemical reactions that are necessart for life would either take too long, or not occure at all.

Front 14

lysosomes

Back 14

small round structures that contain chemicals that break down large food particles into smaller ones.

Front 15

element

Back 15

any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler sucstances.

Front 16

What made it possible for people to discover and learn about cells?

Back 16

the invention of the microscope.

Front 17

atom

Back 17

the smalles unit of an element

Front 18

golgi bodies

Back 18

the cell's mailroom. reciever proteins and other newly formed amterials form the endoplasmic reticulum, package them, and distribute them throughout the cell.

Front 19

RNA

Back 19

ribnucleic acid- important role in the production of proteins. found in the cytoplasm, as well as the nucleus.

Front 20

compound microscope

Back 20

a light microscope that has more than one lens

Front 21

The most important groups of organic compounds found in living things are...

Back 21

cargohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Front 22

chromatin

Back 22

contain the genetic material, the instructions that direct the funcitions of a cell

Front 23

enzyme

Back 23

type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing.

Front 24

cell theory #2

Back 24

cells are the basic structure and function of living things.

Front 25

molecule

Back 25

the smallest unit of most compounds

Front 26

what is the cell wall made of?

Back 26

a tough, yet flexible material called cellulose

Front 27

organic compounds

Back 27

contain carbon

Front 28

Cell Theory #1

Back 28

all living things are composed of cells

Front 29

amino acids

Back 29

protein molecules that are made up of smaller molecules called <------

Front 30

cell membrane

Back 30

(all cells) the cell membrane is locatated just inside the cell wall.

Front 31

Without water, what would happen?

Back 31

most chemical reactions within cell could not take place.

Front 32

what do the organelles do in the cytoplasm?

Back 32

produce energy, build and transport needed materials, and store and recycle wastes.

Front 33

_______microscopes use a beam of what to instead of light to examine a specimen?

Back 33

elecron Microscopes

Front 34

The cell membrabe controls what?

Back 34

what substances come into and out of a cell

Front 35

cell wall

Back 35

(plant cell) a rigid layer of ninliving naterial that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms.

Front 36

mitochondria

Back 36

produces most of the energy the cell needs to carry out its funtions.

Front 37

cytoplasm

Back 37

the region between the cell membrane and the nucleus. a clear, gel-like material. the fluid is constantly moving

Front 38

msgnification

Back 38

the ability to make things larger than they really are

Front 39

How does lens or lenses in a light microscope magnify an object?

Back 39

by bendidng the light

Front 40

convex lens

Back 40

a lense with a curved shape

Front 41

resolution

Back 41

the ability to clearly distinguish the individual parts of an objects

Front 42

organelles

Back 42

carry out specific functions within a cell

Front 43

endoplasmic reticulum

Back 43

a maze of passageways that carry proteinds and other materials form one part of the cell to another.

Front 44

ribosomes

Back 44

the organellswhere proteins are produced

Front 45

nucleolus

Back 45

where ribosomes are made

Front 46

chloroplasts

Back 46

capture energy from sunlight and use them to produce food for the cell. they give a plant its green color.

Front 47

vacuole

Back 47

the storage area of the cell.