Science Chap 3

Front 1

The ability to do work or cause change

Back 1

energy

Front 2

Energy that is stored and available to be used later

Back 2

potential energy

Front 3

the energy of an object as due to its motion

Back 3

kinetic energy

Front 4

the grinding away of rock by other rock particles carried in water, ice or wind

Back 4

abrasion

Front 5

the amount of sediment tht a river or a stream carries

Back 5

load

Front 6

the force that opposes the motion of one surface as it moves across another surface

Back 6

friction

Front 7

a type of movement of water in which, rather than moving downstream, the water moves every which way

Back 7

turbulence

Front 8

a large mass of moving ice and snow on land

Back 8

glacier

Front 9

a long, narrow glacier tht forms when snow and ice build up in a mountain valley

Back 9

valley glacier

Front 10

a glacier that covers much of a continent or large island

Back 10

continental glacier

Front 11

one time in the past when continental glaciers cover large parts of earth's surface

Back 11

ice ages

Front 12

wave sediment along a coast

Back 12

beach

Front 13

the movement of water and sediment down a beach caused by waves coming in to shore at an angle

Back 13

longshore drift

Front 14

a beach formed by longshore drift by projects like a finger out into the water

Back 14

spit

Front 15

a deposit of wind blown sand

Back 15

sand dune

Front 16

wind erosion that removes surface materials

Back 16

deflation

Front 17

a wind formed deposit made of fine wind particles of clay and silt

Back 17

loess

Front 18

the ability to do work or cause change is

Back 18

energy

Front 19

energy that is stored for later use is called

Back 19

potential energy

Front 20

true or false?
kinetic energy is the energy an object has due to its motion

Back 20

true

Front 21

in what ways can sediment enter a river

Back 21

by falling due to mass movement or sediment erodes from the bottom or sides of the river

Front 22

the wearing away of rock by grinding action is called

Back 22

abrasion

Front 23

true or false
sediment in a river abrades the streambed and is abraded by the streambed in return

Back 23

true

Front 24

the amount of sediment that a river carries is its

Back 24

load

Front 25

which one(s) are true:
a. gravity and the force of the water cause sediment to move downstream
b. most small sediments move by rolling & sliding along the bottom
c. most large sediments move by bouncing
d. some sediments are dissolved by the water and carried in solution

Back 25

a & d

Front 26

a river's power to erode depends on what 3 things

Back 26

river's slope

volume of flow
shape of steambed

Front 27

which are the factors that increase the speed of a river?

steep slope
low volume
deep streambed
boulders in streambed

Back 27

steep slope

deep streambed

Front 28

which factors decreases the speed of a river

gentle slope
high volume
shallow streambed
boulders in streambed

Back 28

gentle slope
shallow streambed
boulders in streambed

Front 29

what is flow

Back 29

volume of water that moves past a point on a river in a given time

Front 30

what is friction

Back 30

force that opposes the motion of one surface across another

Front 31

what is turbulence

Back 31

movement of water every which way instead of downstream

Front 32

true or false
where a river flows in a straight line, the water flows faster along the river's sides than near the center

Back 32

false

Front 33

what glacial landform is mounds or ridges of till

AND
is is a result of erosion or deposition

Back 33

moraine

deposition

Front 34

what is a horn?

and is the result due to erosion or deposition

Back 34

a sharpened peak

erosion

Front 35

what is a cirque

and is the result due to erosion or deposition

Back 35

a bowl shaped hollow

erosion

Front 36

what is kettle lake

and is the result due to erosion or deposition

Back 36

small depressions formed when a block of ice melts in till

deposition

Front 37

what is glacial lake

and is the result due to erosion or deposition

Back 37

large lake in large basin eroded by plucking and abrasion

erosion

Front 38

what is arete

and is the result due to erosion or deposition

Back 38

sharp ride separating cirques

erosion

Front 39

what is drumlin

and is the result due to erosion or deposition

Back 39

a long mount of till that is higher at one end

deposition

Front 40

a glacier picks up rocks through a process called

Back 40

plucking

Front 41

times when continental glaciers cover large parts of Earth's surface are called

Back 41

ice ages

Front 42

A _______ is any large mass of ice that moves slowly over land

Back 42

glacier

Front 43

the sediments deposited directly by a glacier are called

Back 43

till

Front 44

which are true about the energy in waves?
it comes from wind
it moves water particles up and down
it moves water particles forward
it moves across the water

Back 44

it comes from wind
it moves water particles up and down
it moves across the water

Front 45

what part of the water is affected by a wave in deep water

Back 45

a wave only effects the water near the surface

Front 46

which are true about a wave approaching land
a. it begins to drag on the bottom
b. it encounters more friction
c. it speeds up
d. it moves the water toward the land

Back 46

a. it begins to drag on the bottom
b. it encounters more friction
c. it moves the water toward the land

Front 47

true or false
waves are the major force of erosion along coasts

Back 47

true

Front 48

list two ways that waves erode land

Back 48

impact and abrasion

Front 49

part of the shore that sticks out into the ocean because it is made of harder rock is called ____

Back 49

headland

Front 50

list three landforms created by wave erosion

Back 50

sea arch
sea cave
wave cut clif

Front 51

an area of wave washed sediment along a coast is a

Back 51

beach

Front 52

the process in which beach sediment is moved down the beach with the current is called

Back 52

longshore drift

Front 53

how does a spit form

Back 53

by a beach the projects like a finger out into the water

Hint 53

by a beach the projects like a finger out into the water :D

Front 54

what is a tributary

Back 54

a stream that flows into a larger stream

Front 55

what forces pulls objects to earth

Back 55

gravity

Front 56

what is glacial erosion

Back 56

Plucking and ABRASION =)

Front 57

why do allevial fans form

Back 57

they form because a stream flows out of a steep, narrow mountain valley and the stream suddenly becomes shallower and wider and creates a fan like appearance

Front 58

why do sediments move down a beach

Back 58

because of Longshore Drift

Front 59

waves erode the land by ____ and _____

Back 59

impact and abrasion

Front 60

what is a stream

Back 60

a channel through which water is continually flowing downhill

Front 61

what is a load

Back 61

the amount of sediment a river/stream carries

Front 62

what is creep

Back 62

the very slow downhill movement of rock and soil. it can even occur on gentle slopes
EX: Gravestones and fenceposts tilting at odd angles =$

Front 63

what is moraine

Back 63

a ridge formed by the till and deposited at the edge of a glacier

Front 64

explain runoff

Back 64

runoff is water that flows over the surface of the land rather than soaking into the ground

Front 65

what is deposition

Back 65

the process in which sediment is laid down in new locations

Front 66

give 2 examples of mass movements

Back 66

landslides
mudslides
slump
creep

Front 67

why do glaciers form

Back 67

glaciers only form in an area where more snow falls then melts

Front 68

A _____ ______ covers much fo the island of Greenland

Back 68

continental glacier

Front 69

the flat, wide area of land along a river is called

Back 69

flood plain

Front 70

the material moved by erosion is called

Back 70

sediment

Front 71

the energy of ocean waves comes from teh energy of

Back 71

kinetic energy/wind

Front 72

the process by which natural forces move weathered rock from place to place is

Back 72

erosion

Front 73

what is a meander and how does it form

Back 73

meander is a looplike bend in the course of a river. It forms byt he river widening from side to side and it tends to erode the outer bank and deposit sediment on the inner bankof a gend

Front 74

how does an oxbow lake form

Back 74

an oxbow lake forms as a river floods. during the flod, high water find a straighter route downstream. as the flood waters fall, sediments dam up. the ends of a meander......

Front 75

one spring day it rains all morning and day. your house is at the bottom of a hill in very sandy area. should you be worried about anything

Back 75

yes, the area might flood or there could be a mudslide

Front 76

what is a glacier

Back 76

large masses of moving ice and snow

Front 77

where are alpine glaciers found

Back 77

on mountains, old river valleys

Front 78

what is an ice cap

Back 78

a continental glacier

Front 79

what causes valley glaciers to move

Back 79

gravity and weight

Front 80

in what direction do continental glaciers move

Back 80

Continental glaciers move in all directions.

Front 81

what is a retreating glacier

Back 81

a glacier that melts faster than it moves

Front 82

what is the difference between a terminal moraine and a lateral moraine

Back 82

the lateral moraine form along sides and the terminal moraine forms at the front edge

Front 83

why would scientiests want to study glacial moraines

Back 83

because they can figure out where glaciers were formed

Front 84

what is the difference between till and outwash

Back 84

till goes directly into the glacier while outwash is carried away by water then deposited

Front 85

how are kettle lakes formed

Back 85

when melting occurs and the debris on top of the water sinkins into a hotel and a kettle lake is formed

Front 86

erosion

Back 86

its how sediment moves

Front 87

deposition

Back 87

its how sediment settles

Front 88

sediment

Back 88

its a small particle that moves

Front 89

load

Back 89

its how much sediment a river carries

Front 90

friction

Back 90

its the force that opposes motion of one surface across another

Front 91

abrasion

Back 91

its how rocks are polished

Front 92

delta

Back 92

it can be found where a river enters a lake

Front 93

divide

Back 93

it separates two drainage basins

Front 94

kettle

Back 94

its formed by a chunk of ice

Front 95

spit

Back 95

it sticks out in the water like a finger

Front 96

moraine

Back 96

its a ridge at the edge of a glacier

Front 97

loess

Back 97

its a deposit of clay and silt

Front 98

deflation

Back 98

its how most wind erosion occurs

Front 99

tributary

Back 99

it flows into a larger stream

Front 100

oxbow

Back 100

its a kind of lake created by a river

Front 101

energy

Back 101

its the ability to do work or cause change

Front 102

what shapes earth's surface

Back 102

erosion and deposition