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102 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
The ability to do work or cause change
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energy
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Energy that is stored and available to be used later
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potential energy
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the energy of an object as due to its motion
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kinetic energy
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the grinding away of rock by other rock particles carried in water, ice or wind
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abrasion
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the amount of sediment tht a river or a stream carries
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load
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the force that opposes the motion of one surface as it moves across another surface
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friction
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a type of movement of water in which, rather than moving downstream, the water moves every which way
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turbulence
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a large mass of moving ice and snow on land
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glacier
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a long, narrow glacier tht forms when snow and ice build up in a mountain valley
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valley glacier
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a glacier that covers much of a continent or large island
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continental glacier
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one time in the past when continental glaciers cover large parts of earth's surface
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ice ages
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wave sediment along a coast
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beach
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the movement of water and sediment down a beach caused by waves coming in to shore at an angle
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longshore drift
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a beach formed by longshore drift by projects like a finger out into the water
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spit
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a deposit of wind blown sand
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sand dune
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wind erosion that removes surface materials
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deflation
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a wind formed deposit made of fine wind particles of clay and silt
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loess
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the ability to do work or cause change is
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energy
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energy that is stored for later use is called
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potential energy
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true or false?
kinetic energy is the energy an object has due to its motion |
true
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in what ways can sediment enter a river
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by falling due to mass movement or sediment erodes from the bottom or sides of the river
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the wearing away of rock by grinding action is called
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abrasion
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true or false
sediment in a river abrades the streambed and is abraded by the streambed in return |
true
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the amount of sediment that a river carries is its
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load
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which one(s) are true:
a. gravity and the force of the water cause sediment to move downstream b. most small sediments move by rolling & sliding along the bottom c. most large sediments move by bouncing d. some sediments are dissolved by the water and carried in solution |
a & d
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a river's power to erode depends on what 3 things
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river's slope
volume of flow shape of steambed |
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which are the factors that increase the speed of a river?
steep slope low volume deep streambed boulders in streambed |
steep slope
deep streambed |
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which factors decreases the speed of a river
gentle slope high volume shallow streambed boulders in streambed |
gentle slope
shallow streambed boulders in streambed |
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what is flow
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volume of water that moves past a point on a river in a given time
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what is friction
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force that opposes the motion of one surface across another
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what is turbulence
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movement of water every which way instead of downstream
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true or false
where a river flows in a straight line, the water flows faster along the river's sides than near the center |
false
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what glacial landform is mounds or ridges of till
AND is is a result of erosion or deposition |
moraine
deposition |
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what is a horn?
and is the result due to erosion or deposition |
a sharpened peak
erosion |
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what is a cirque
and is the result due to erosion or deposition |
a bowl shaped hollow
erosion |
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what is kettle lake
and is the result due to erosion or deposition |
small depressions formed when a block of ice melts in till
deposition |
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what is glacial lake
and is the result due to erosion or deposition |
large lake in large basin eroded by plucking and abrasion
erosion |
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what is arete
and is the result due to erosion or deposition |
sharp ride separating cirques
erosion |
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what is drumlin
and is the result due to erosion or deposition |
a long mount of till that is higher at one end
deposition |
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a glacier picks up rocks through a process called
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plucking
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times when continental glaciers cover large parts of Earth's surface are called
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ice ages
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A _______ is any large mass of ice that moves slowly over land
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glacier
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the sediments deposited directly by a glacier are called
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till
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which are true about the energy in waves?
it comes from wind it moves water particles up and down it moves water particles forward it moves across the water |
it comes from wind
it moves water particles up and down it moves across the water |
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what part of the water is affected by a wave in deep water
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a wave only effects the water near the surface
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which are true about a wave approaching land
a. it begins to drag on the bottom b. it encounters more friction c. it speeds up d. it moves the water toward the land |
a. it begins to drag on the bottom
b. it encounters more friction c. it moves the water toward the land |
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true or false
waves are the major force of erosion along coasts |
true
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list two ways that waves erode land
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impact and abrasion
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part of the shore that sticks out into the ocean because it is made of harder rock is called ____
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headland
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list three landforms created by wave erosion
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sea arch
sea cave wave cut clif |
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an area of wave washed sediment along a coast is a
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beach
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the process in which beach sediment is moved down the beach with the current is called
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longshore drift
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how does a spit form
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by a beach the projects like a finger out into the water
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by a beach the projects like a finger out into the water :D
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what is a tributary
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a stream that flows into a larger stream
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what forces pulls objects to earth
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gravity
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what is glacial erosion
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Plucking and ABRASION =)
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why do allevial fans form
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they form because a stream flows out of a steep, narrow mountain valley and the stream suddenly becomes shallower and wider and creates a fan like appearance
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why do sediments move down a beach
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because of Longshore Drift
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waves erode the land by ____ and _____
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impact and abrasion
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what is a stream
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a channel through which water is continually flowing downhill
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what is a load
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the amount of sediment a river/stream carries
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what is creep
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the very slow downhill movement of rock and soil. it can even occur on gentle slopes
EX: Gravestones and fenceposts tilting at odd angles =$ |
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what is moraine
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a ridge formed by the till and deposited at the edge of a glacier
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explain runoff
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runoff is water that flows over the surface of the land rather than soaking into the ground
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what is deposition
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the process in which sediment is laid down in new locations
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give 2 examples of mass movements
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landslides
mudslides slump creep |
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why do glaciers form
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glaciers only form in an area where more snow falls then melts
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A _____ ______ covers much fo the island of Greenland
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continental glacier
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the flat, wide area of land along a river is called
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flood plain
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the material moved by erosion is called
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sediment
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the energy of ocean waves comes from teh energy of
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kinetic energy/wind
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the process by which natural forces move weathered rock from place to place is
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erosion
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what is a meander and how does it form
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meander is a looplike bend in the course of a river. It forms byt he river widening from side to side and it tends to erode the outer bank and deposit sediment on the inner bankof a gend
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how does an oxbow lake form
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an oxbow lake forms as a river floods. during the flod, high water find a straighter route downstream. as the flood waters fall, sediments dam up. the ends of a meander......
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one spring day it rains all morning and day. your house is at the bottom of a hill in very sandy area. should you be worried about anything
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yes, the area might flood or there could be a mudslide
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what is a glacier
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large masses of moving ice and snow
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where are alpine glaciers found
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on mountains, old river valleys
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what is an ice cap
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a continental glacier
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what causes valley glaciers to move
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gravity and weight
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in what direction do continental glaciers move
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Continental glaciers move in all directions.
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what is a retreating glacier
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a glacier that melts faster than it moves
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what is the difference between a terminal moraine and a lateral moraine
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the lateral moraine form along sides and the terminal moraine forms at the front edge
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why would scientiests want to study glacial moraines
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because they can figure out where glaciers were formed
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what is the difference between till and outwash
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till goes directly into the glacier while outwash is carried away by water then deposited
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how are kettle lakes formed
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when melting occurs and the debris on top of the water sinkins into a hotel and a kettle lake is formed
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erosion
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its how sediment moves
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deposition
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its how sediment settles
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sediment
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its a small particle that moves
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load
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its how much sediment a river carries
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friction
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its the force that opposes motion of one surface across another
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abrasion
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its how rocks are polished
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delta
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it can be found where a river enters a lake
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divide
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it separates two drainage basins
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kettle
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its formed by a chunk of ice
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spit
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it sticks out in the water like a finger
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moraine
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its a ridge at the edge of a glacier
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loess
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its a deposit of clay and silt
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deflation
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its how most wind erosion occurs
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tributary
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it flows into a larger stream
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oxbow
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its a kind of lake created by a river
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energy
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its the ability to do work or cause change
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what shapes earth's surface
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erosion and deposition
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