Science Ch 1

Front 1

A membrane-covered structure that contains all of the materials necessary for life

Back 1

Cell

Front 2

A change in an organism's environment that affects the activity of the organism

Back 2

Stimulus

(pl - Stimuli)

Front 3

The maintenance of a stable internal environment

Back 3

Homeostasis

Front 4

A single parent produces offspring that are identical to the parent

Back 4

Asexual reproduction

Front 5

Almost always, it requires two parents to produce offspring that will share characteristics of both parents

Back 5

Sexual reproduction

Front 6

A special molecule contained by cells of all living things, and provides instructions for making molecules called proteins

Back 6

DNA

(deoxyribonucleic acid)

Front 7

The transmission of characteristics from one generation to the next

Back 7

Heredity

Front 8

The total of all of the chemical activities that organisms perform necessary for life.

Back 8

Metabolism

Front 9

Molecules that take part in almost all of the activities of an organism's cells and determine many of an organism's characteristics

Back 9

Proteins

Front 10

Some organisms, such as plants, are these because they can produce their own food

Back 10

Producers

Front 11

Some organisms are this because they must eat (consume) other organisms to get food

Back 11

Consumers

Front 12

Some consumers are this becaues they are organisms that get their food by breaking down the nutrients in dead organims or animal wastes

Back 12

Decomposers

Front 13

The chemical that makes up approximately 70% of the cells of almost all living organisms, and is required in most chemical reactions involved in metabolism

Back 13

Water

Front 14

A mixture of several different gases, including oxygen and carbon dioxide that most living things use in the chemical process that releases energy from food

Back 14

Air

Front 15

The process that converts the enrgy in sunlight to energy stored in food

Back 15

Photosynthesis

Front 16

Large molecules that are made up of subunits called amino acids

Back 16

Proteins

Front 17

The subunits that make up proteins

Back 17

Amino Acids

Front 18

A protein in red blood cells that attaches to oxygen so that oxygen can be delivered throughout the body

Back 18

Hemoglobin

Front 19

Special proteins that make many different chemical reactions in a cell occur quickly

Back 19

Enzymes

Front 20

A group of compounds made of sugars

Back 20

Carbohydrates

Front 21

A complex carbohydrate made by plants, such as in a potato plant

Back 21

Starch

Front 22

Compounds that cannot mix with water, store energy, and form the membranes of cells

Back 22

Lipids

Front 23

A structure that surrounds all cells

Back 23

Cell Membrane

Front 24

The molecules that form much of the cell membrane; from two layers when in water

Back 24

Phospholipids

Front 25

Compounds made up of subunits called nucleotides

Back 25

Nucleic Acids

Front 26

The subunits that make up nucleic acids

Back 26

Nucleotides

Front 27

Molecule that is the major fuel used for all cell activities that require energy; food molecules are broken down and some of the released ergy is transferred to this

Back 27

ATP

(Adenosine Triphosphate)