Science Cells Test

Front 1

cell wall

Back 1

a rigid layer that surround the cells of plants and some other organisms.

Front 2

cell membrane

Back 2

controls which substances pass into and out of a cell

Front 3

nucleus

Back 3

acts as a cells control center

Front 4

organelles

Back 4

carry out specific functions within a cell.

Front 5

ribosomes

Back 5

small grain-shaped organelles that produce proteins.

Front 6

cytoplasm

Back 6

fills the region between the cell membrane and the nucleus

Front 7

mitochondria

Back 7

convert energy stored in food to energy the cell can use to live and function.

Front 8

endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Back 8

an organelle with a network of membranes that produces many substances.

Front 9

Golgi apparatus

Back 9

receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the ER, packages them, and distributes them to other parts of the cell or to the outside of the cell.

Front 10

vacuole

Back 10

stores water, food, or other materials needed by the cell.

Front 11

chloroplast

Back 11

captures energy from sunlight and changes it to a form of energy cells can use in making food.

Front 12

lysosomes

Back 12

which contains substances that break down large food particles into smaller ones.

Front 13

multicellular

Back 13

which means "made of many cells."

Front 14

unicellular

Back 14

single celled organism

Front 15

carbohydrate

Back 15

energy-rich organic compounds made up of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Front 16

lipid

Back 16

compounds that are made mostly of carbon and hydrogen and some oxygen.

Front 17

proteins

Back 17

large organic molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and, in some cases, sulfur.

Front 18

enzymes

Back 18

speed up chemical reactions in living things.

Front 19

nucleic acids

Back 19

very long organic molecules

Front 20

DNA

Back 20

the genetic material that carries information about an organism and is passed from parent to offspring.

Front 21

passive transport

Back 21

the movement of dissolved materials across the cells membrane without using the cells energy.

Front 22

diffusion

Back 22

the process by which molecules move from one area of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration.

Front 23

active transport

Back 23

the movement of materials across a cell membrane using cellular energy.

Front 24

endocytosis

Back 24

the cell membrane changes shape and engulfs the particle.

Front 25

exocytosis

Back 25

allows large particles to leave a cell.